This page provides an overview of the Class 12 Sociology syllabus and marking scheme to help students prepare effectively for their CBSE board exams. The syllabus focuses on key aspects of Indian Society and Social Change and Development in India, covering topics like caste, cultural diversity, globalization, and social movements. The marking scheme highlights the weightage of various sections, enabling students to plan their studies strategically and excel in their exams with confidence.
Class XII Sociology Syllabus and Marking Scheme
|
Class |
Subject Code |
Subject Name |
Theory Marks |
Time (h) |
Internal Assessments Marks |
Total Marks |
Group |
|
12 |
39 |
Sociology |
80 |
3 |
20 |
100 |
Group A1 |
The Class 12 Sociology syllabus delves into the structure and dynamics of Indian society while exploring sociological concepts and their practical applications. It is divided into two parts: Indian Society, which covers topics like social institutions, caste, and diversity, and Social Change and Development in India, focusing on modernization, globalization, and social movements. This syllabus encourages critical thinking and analytical skills, helping students understand societal issues and their relevance in the modern world, while preparing effectively for their board exam
|
Class XII Sociology Syllabus & Marking Scheme (2026-27) |
||||
|
Unit |
Chapter |
Topic |
Marks |
Weightage |
|
INDIAN SOCIETY |
Introducing Indian Society |
· Colonialism, Nationalism, Class and Community (Non- evaluative) |
Non- evaluative |
|
|
The Demographic Structure of the Indian Society |
· Theories and concepts in demography · Rural-Urban Linkages and Divisions · Population Policy in India" |
10 |
10.00% |
|
|
Social Institutions: Continuity and Change |
· Caste and the Caste System · Tribal Communities · Family and Kinship |
10 |
10.00% |
|
|
Patterns of Social Inequality and Exclusion |
· Social Inequality and Social Exclusion · Systems justifying and perpetuating Inequality - Caste, Tribe, the Other Backward Classes · Adivasi Struggles · The Struggle for Women’s Equality and Rights · The struggles of the Differently Abled |
10 |
10.00% |
|
|
The Challenges of Cultural Diversity |
· Cultural communities and the nation state · Regionalism in the Indian context · The Nation state and religion related issues and identities · Communalism, secularism and the nation state · State and Civil Society |
Non- evaluative |
||
|
SOCIAL CHANGE AND DEVELOPMENT IN INDIA |
Structural Change |
· Understanding Colonialism, Industrialization, Urbanization |
5 |
5.00% |
|
Cultural Change |
· Social Reform Movements · Different Kinds of Social Change: Sanskritisation .Westernization, Modernization, Secularization |
5 |
5.00% |
|
|
Change and Development in Rural Society |
· Agrarian Structure : Caste & class in Rural India · Land Reforms, Green Revolution and Emerging Agrarian society · Green revolution and its social consequences · Transformation in Rural Society · Circulation of labour · Globalization, Liberalization and Rural Society |
10 |
10.00% |
|
|
Change and Development in Industrial Society |
· From Planned Industrialization to Liberalization · How people find Jobs · Work Processes: How work is carried out, working conditions, home based work, Strikes and Unions |
10 |
10.00% |
|
|
Social Movements |
· Concept of Social Movements · Theories and Classification of Social Movements · Environmental Movements · Class-Based Movements: Workers, Peasants · Caste-Based Movements: Dalit Movement, Backward Class/Castes, Trends in Upper Caste Responses · Tribal Movements · Women’s Movements in Independent India |
10 |
10.00% |
|
|
PROJECT WORK |
Project undertaken during the academic year at school level |
1. Introduction -2 Marks 2. Statement of Purpose – 2 Marks 3. Research Question – 2 Marks 4. Methodology – 3 Marks 5. Data Analysis – 4 Marks 6. Conclusion – 2 Marks |
15 |
15.00% |
|
Viva – based on the project work |
5 |
5.00% |
||
The marking scheme provides a breakdown of the marks allocated to each chapter. This allows students to prioritize high-weightage topics and effectively allocate their study time. Here’s the chapter-wise weightage for Class 12 Sociology.
|
Class XII Sociology Marking Scheme & Chapter-wise Weightage (2026-27) |
|||
|
Unit |
Chapter |
Marks |
Weightage |
|
INDIAN SOCIETY |
Introducing Indian Society |
Non- evaluative |
|
|
The Demographic Structure of the Indian Society |
10 |
10.00% |
|
|
Social Institutions: Continuity and Change |
10 |
10.00% |
|
|
Patterns of Social Inequality and Exclusion |
10 |
10.00% |
|
|
The Challenges of Cultural Diversity |
Non- evaluative |
||
|
SOCIAL CHANGE AND DEVELOPMENT IN INDIA |
Structural Change |
5 |
5.00% |
|
Cultural Change |
5 |
5.00% |
|
|
Change and Development in Rural Society |
10 |
10.00% |
|
|
Change and Development in Industrial Society |
10 |
10.00% |
|
|
Social Movements |
10 |
10.00% |
|
|
PROJECT WORK |
Project undertaken during the academic year at school level |
15 |
15.00% |
|
Viva – based on the project work |
5 |
5.00% |
|
The exam pattern for Class 12 Sociology includes a mix of objective, subjective, and analytical questions. Understanding the exam pattern helps students focus on the structure of the exam, including the types of questions, marks distribution, and time allocation. Here’s an overview of the question format and total marks.
|
Class XII Sociology Exam Pattern (2026-27) |
|||
|
Type of Questions |
No. of Questions |
Marks Per Question |
Total Marks |
|
MCQ |
16 |
1 |
16 |
|
Very short answer type |
9 |
2 |
18 |
|
short answer type |
7 |
4 |
28 |
|
long answer type |
3 |
6 |
18 |
|
Project Work |
20 |
||
|
Total |
100 |
||
Here is the latest paper design of class 12th Sociology subject.
|
Sociology – Class XII (2026-27) Question Paper Design & Weightage |
||||
|
S.No. |
Competencies |
Description |
Total Marks |
Weightage (%) |
|
1 |
Knowledge & understanding |
Exhibit memory of previously learned material by recallingfacts, terms, basic concepts, and answers. Demonstrate understanding of facts and ideas by organizing, comparing, translating, interpreting, giving descriptions, and stating main ideas |
30 |
37.50% |
|
2 |
Application of Knowledge and Concepts |
Solve problems to new situations by applying acquired knowledge, facts, techniques and rules in a different way.Examine and break information into parts by identifying motives or causes. Make inferences and find evidence to support generalizations Present and defend opinions by making judgments about information, validity of ideas, or quality of work based on a set of criteria. |
32 |
17.78% |
|
3 |
Formulate, Analyse , Evaluate & Create |
Compile information together in a different way by Combining elements in a new pattern or proposing alternative solutions. |
18 |
22.50% |
|
Total |
80 |
100.00% |
||
Understanding the syllabus and marking scheme of Class 12 Sociology is a critical step toward effective preparation and academic success. Here’s why:
Structured Learning: The syllabus outlines all essential topics, including Indian Society and Social Change and Development in India. This structured approach ensures you systematically cover each chapter without overlooking any important concepts.
Prioritization of Topics: The marking scheme highlights the weightage of different sections, allowing you to focus more on high-weightage chapters like Social Institutions, Globalization and Social Change, and Social Movements, optimizing your study efforts for maximum results.
Improved Time Management: Knowing the syllabus and marking scheme helps you allocate time effectively to topics based on their importance, ensuring balanced preparation across all chapters.
Enhanced Exam Readiness: Familiarity with the exam structure and weightage of questions reduces uncertainty, giving you confidence in tackling various types of questions, including analytical and application-based ones.
Effective Revision: The syllabus serves as a checklist during your revision, while the marking scheme helps you concentrate on high-mark sections, making your preparation efficient and exam-focused.
Preparing for Class 12 Sociology requires a balance of conceptual understanding, analytical skills, and regular practice. Here are some tips for effective preparation:
Understand the NCERT Textbooks: Start by thoroughly reading the NCERT Sociology textbooks, as they are the foundation of the syllabus. Focus on chapters like Cultural Diversity, Social Stratification, and Environment and Society, ensuring clarity in concepts.
Relate to Real-World Examples: Sociology often connects theoretical knowledge with real-life scenarios. Enhance your understanding by linking textbook topics to current events, social issues, and cultural phenomena for a broader perspective.
Create Organized Notes: While studying, prepare concise notes summarizing key points, definitions, and sociological thinkers. Highlight important terms and include examples to simplify complex topics for quick revision.
Focus on Analytical Thinking: Sociology exams often test your ability to analyze and interpret social structures and changes. Practice writing answers that reflect your understanding of causes, effects, and societal implications.
Solve Sample Papers and Past Papers: Familiarize yourself with the exam pattern by solving previous years' question papers. This helps you identify frequently asked topics and improves your speed and accuracy.
Review the Marking Scheme: Pay attention to high-weightage topics like Social Change and Challenges of Cultural Diversity. Practice structuring answers to match the board’s marking criteria, ensuring clarity and relevance in your responses.
Practice Answer Writing: Sociology answers should be well-organized and to the point. Begin with a clear introduction, present a logical argument in the body, and conclude with relevant insights. Use examples, case studies, or real-world references to strengthen your answers.
Revise Regularly: Regular revision is key to retaining sociological theories and concepts. Allocate specific time for revisiting important chapters and practicing application-based questions.
Stay Consistent and Confident: Follow a planned study schedule and maintain consistency in your preparation. With a clear understanding of the syllabus, regular practice, and structured revision, you can approach the exam with confidence.
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