Welcome to the Class 10 Science Syllabus and Marking Scheme page. This page provides a comprehensive guide to the syllabus, paper design, marking scheme, and chapter-wise weightage for the Science subject. Understanding the syllabus and exam pattern is essential for effective preparation. Here, you’ll find detailed insights into the structure of the Science paper, including important topics, weightage distribution, and exam preparation strategies.
Class X Science Syllabus and Marking Scheme
|
Class |
Subject Code |
Subject Name |
Theory Marks |
Time (h) |
Internal Assessments Marks |
Total Marks |
Group |
|
10 |
86 |
Science |
80 |
3 |
20 |
100 |
Group A1 |
The Class 10 Science syllabus is designed to deepen students’ understanding of fundamental scientific concepts across Physics, Chemistry, and Biology. It covers a broad range of topics, including advanced theories, practical applications, and experimental techniques that form the foundation for higher studies and various competitive exams.
|
Class X Science Syllabus & Marking Scheme -Board Exams (2026-27) |
|||||
|
Units |
Unit Name |
Topics |
Key Concepts |
Marks |
Weightage |
|
I |
Chemical Substances - Nature and Behaviour |
Chemical Reactions |
Chemical equations, balancing equations, types of chemical reactions (combination, decomposition, displacement, etc.), oxidation, reduction reactions |
25 |
31.25% |
|
Acids, Bases, and Salts |
Definitions, properties, uses, neutralization, pH scale, importance of pH in daily life, uses of Sodium Hydroxide, Bleaching Powder, Baking Soda, etc. |
||||
|
Metals and Non-metals |
Properties, reactivity series, ionic compounds, basic metallurgical processes, corrosion, and prevention |
||||
|
Carbon Compounds |
Covalent bonding, homologous series, functional groups, chemical properties of carbon compounds, uses of ethanol, ethanoic acid, soaps, detergents |
||||
|
II |
World of Living |
Life Processes |
Nutrition, respiration, transport, excretion in plants and animals |
||
|
Control and Coordination |
Tropic movements in plants, plant hormones, nervous system, voluntary/involuntary actions, reflexes, chemical coordination (animal hormones) |
25 |
31.25% |
||
|
Reproduction |
Asexual and sexual reproduction in animals and plants, reproductive health, family planning, safe sex vs. HIV/AIDS |
||||
|
Heredity and Evolution |
Heredity, Mendel’s laws, sex determination (evolution and classification excluded from assessment) |
||||
|
III |
Natural Phenomena |
Reflection of Light |
Spherical mirrors, image formation, mirror formula (without derivation), magnification |
||
|
Refraction of Light |
Laws of refraction, refractive index, image formation by spherical lenses, lens formula (without derivation), power of a lens |
12 |
15.00% |
||
|
Human Eye and Vision |
Functioning of the human eye, defects of vision and correction, applications of mirrors and lenses |
||||
|
Prism and Light Dispersion |
Refraction through a prism, dispersion of light, scattering, daily applications |
13 |
16.25% |
||
|
IV |
Effects of Current |
Electric Current and Circuits |
Ohm’s law, resistance, resistivity, factors affecting resistance, series and parallel combination of resistors, electric power |
||
|
Magnetic Effects of Current |
Magnetic fields, field lines, solenoids, Fleming’s Left-Hand Rule, DC vs AC, domestic electric circuits |
||||
|
V |
Natural Resources |
Our Environment |
Ecosystems, environmental problems, ozone depletion, biodegradable and non-biodegradable substances, waste management |
5 |
6.25% |
|
Management of Natural Resources (For Portfolio/Assessment) |
Not assessed in exams but can be included for internal portfolio work |
||||
|
Total |
80 |
100.00% |
|||
The marking scheme provides a breakdown of the marks allocated to each chapter. This allows students to prioritize high-weightage topics and effectively allocate their study time. Here’s the chapter-wise weightage for Class 10 Science.
|
Class X Science Marking Scheme & Chapter-wise Weightage (2026-27) |
||||
|
Unit No. |
Unit |
Chapter Name |
Marks |
Weightage |
|
I |
Chemical Substances - Nature and Behaviour |
Chemical reaction and Equation |
25 |
31.25% |
|
Acids, Bases and Salts |
||||
|
Metals and Non-Metals |
||||
|
Carbon and Its Compound |
||||
|
Periodic Classification of Element |
||||
|
II |
World of Living |
Life Processes |
25 |
31.25% |
|
Control and Coordination |
||||
|
How do Organism Reproduce? |
||||
|
Heredity and Evolution |
||||
|
III |
Natural Phenomena |
Light - Reflection and Refraction |
12 |
15.00% |
|
The Human Eye and the Colourful World |
||||
|
IV |
Effects of Current |
Electricity |
13 |
16.25% |
|
Magnetic effects of Electric Current |
||||
|
Sources of Energy |
||||
|
V |
Natural Resources |
Our Environment |
5 |
6.25% |
|
Sustainable Management of Natural Resource |
||||
|
Total |
80 |
100% |
||
|
Internal assessment |
20 |
|||
|
Grand Total |
100 |
|||
The exam pattern for Class 10 Science includes a mix of objective, subjective, and analytical questions. Understanding the exam pattern helps students focus on the structure of the exam, including the types of questions, marks distribution, and time allocation. Here’s an overview of the question format and total marks.
|
CBSE Class X Science Exam Pattern (2026-27) |
|||
|
Type of Questions |
No. of Questions |
Marks Per Question |
Total Marks |
|
MCQ |
20 |
1 |
20 |
|
Very short answer type |
6 |
2 |
12 |
|
short answer type |
7 |
3 |
21 |
|
case based questions |
3 |
4 |
12 |
|
long answer type |
3 |
5 |
15 |
|
Total |
39 |
80 |
|
|
Internal Assessment |
20 |
||
|
Grand Total |
100 |
||
Here is the latest paper design of class 10th Science subject.
|
Science – Class X (2026-27) Question Paper Design & Weightage |
|||
|
Competency |
Description |
Total Marks |
Weightage (%) |
|
Demonstrate Knowledge and Understanding |
Recall and understand scientific concepts, facts, and principles. |
37 |
46% |
|
Application of Knowledge/Concepts |
Apply acquired knowledge and concepts to solve problems in new situations. |
18 |
22% |
|
Formulate, Analyze, Evaluate, and Create |
Analyze information, evaluate arguments, and create new solutions or methods using scientific knowledge. |
25 |
32% |
|
Total |
100% |
||
|
Internal Assessment: |
(20 Marks) |
|
|
Internal Choice: |
Approximately 33% of the questions will have an internal choice option for students. |
|
|
S. No. |
Assessment Criteria |
Marks |
|
1 |
Periodic Assessment: Regular tests and assessments |
05 + 05 |
|
2 |
Subject Enrichment (Practical Work): Hands-on experiments |
5 |
|
3 |
Portfolio: Record of classwork, projects, assignments |
5 |
|
Total |
20 |
|
Key Competency Verbs for Assessment |
|
|
Competency |
Suggestive Verbs |
|
Demonstrate Knowledge and Understanding |
State, name, list, identify, define, suggest, describe, outline, summarize |
|
Application of Knowledge/Concepts |
Calculate, illustrate, show, adapt, explain, distinguish |
|
Formulate, Analyze, Evaluate, and Create |
Interpret, analyze, compare, contrast, examine, evaluate, discuss, construct |
The following chapter list represents the current mapped curriculum for academic session 2026-27.
These chapters belong to earlier NCERT editions and are retained for historical reference and students using older books.
Understanding the Class 10 Science syllabus and marking scheme is crucial for students aiming to excel in their board exams. Here’s how it benefits you:
Targeted Learning: The syllabus gives you a clear outline of what you need to study. This allows you to focus on the relevant topics and avoid wasting time on unnecessary information.
Efficient Time Allocation: By knowing the marking scheme, you can identify high-weightage topics and allocate more time to these areas. This helps in managing your study time efficiently and maximizing your score.
Structured Revision: With a well-defined syllabus, you can plan a structured revision. Focusing on high-weightage chapters ensures that you cover essential topics multiple times, enhancing your retention.
Exam Readiness: Knowing the marking scheme allows you to anticipate the types of questions you might face. You’ll be able to prepare accordingly, which boosts your confidence and reduces anxiety.
Improves Performance in Competitive Exams: Class 10 Science syllabus aligns with various competitive exams at the foundation level. A thorough understanding of the syllabus helps you tackle these exams effectively.
Enhanced Problem-Solving Skills: Many topics in the syllabus focus on practical applications and problem-solving. Knowing what to focus on allows you to practice these skills effectively, improving your overall understanding.
To excel in Class 10 Science, a structured study plan is essential. Here are some effective tips to help you prepare:
Start with the NCERT Textbook: Begin with the NCERT textbook, as it is the primary source for your board exams. Understand each concept thoroughly and complete all in-text questions and exercises.
Focus on Understanding, Not Memorization: Science requires a deep understanding of concepts. Focus on the 'why' and 'how' behind each topic rather than rote learning. This will help you retain information better and apply it in exams.
Create Chapter-Wise Notes: Summarize each chapter in your own words, highlighting key points, formulas, and definitions. This will help during revision and make it easier to recall information.
Practice Diagrams and Labeling: In subjects like Biology and Physics, diagrams play a significant role. Practice drawing and labeling diagrams accurately, as they carry weight in the exam.
Attempt Previous Year Papers and Sample Papers: Solving past papers and sample papers gives you an idea of the exam pattern and helps you manage time effectively. It’s a great way to practice and gauge your preparation.
Revise Regularly: Schedule regular revision sessions to reinforce what you've learned. Don’t wait until the last minute, as this can lead to stress and information overload.
Take Mock Tests: Mock tests simulate the exam environment and improve your speed and accuracy. Make it a habit to take mock tests and analyze your performance to identify areas for improvement.
Stay Consistent: Consistency is key to excelling in Class 10 Science. Dedicate a set amount of time each day to Science and follow your study plan diligently.
Seek Help When Needed: If you find certain topics challenging, seek help from teachers, peers, or online resources. Addressing doubts early on will prevent confusion later.
By following these preparation tips and staying dedicated, you’ll be well-prepared to tackle the Class 10 Science board exam confidently.
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