Describe the circumstances leading to the outbreak of revolutionary protest in France.
Following are some causes which had a cumulative effect to result in a revolution in french:
1. The war with Britain for an independent America: this war led to mounting debt on the French monarchy. This necessitated the imposition of new taxes on the public.
2. Privileged based on birth: people got privileges and position based on their lineage not on their merit. This led to resentment among common people.
3. Contraction of power among their privileged: people belonging to the first estate had all the power and money. Masses were at the mercy of this class.
4. Subsistence crisis: rising population and less grain production resulted in the demand supply gap of bread which was the staple diet. Wages did not keep pace with rising prices. It was becoming difficult for people.
5. Growing middle class: because of increased overseas trade a new class emerged class was wealthy not because of birth but because of its ability to utilize people of the middle class started raising their voice for an end to based on lineage.
Describe the legacy of the French Revolution for the peoples of the world 4during the nineteenth and twentieth centuries.
Draw up a list of democratic rights we enjoy today whose origins could be traced to the French Revolution.
Which groups of French society benefited from the revolution? Which groups were forced to relinquish power? Which sections of society would have been disappointed with the outcome of the revolution?
Would you agree with the view that the message of universal rights was beset with contradictions? Explain.
How would you explain the rise of Napoleon?
What were the social, economic and political conditions in Russia before 1905?
Describe the problems faced by the Weimar Republic.
Discuss how the changes in forest management in the colonial period affected the following groups of people:
! Shifting cultivators
! Nomadic and pastoralist communities
! Firms trading in timber/forest produce
! Plantation owners
! Kings/British officials engaged in shikar
Explain why nomadic tribes need to move from one place to another. What are the advantages to the environment of this continuous movement?
In what ways was the working population in Russia different from other countries in Europe, before 1917?
Discuss why Nazism became popular in Germany by 1930.
What are the similarities between colonial management of the forests in Bastar and in Java?
Discuss why the colonial government in India brought in the following laws. In each case, explain how the law changed the lives of pastoralists:
! Waste Land rules
! Forest Acts
! Criminal Tribes Act
! Grazing Tax
Why did the Tsarist autocracy collapse in 1917?
What are the peculiar features of Nazi thinking?
Give reasons to explain why the Maasai community lost their grazing lands.
Discuss why the colonial government in India brought in the following laws. In each case, explain how the law changed the lives of pastoralists:
! Waste Land rules
! Forest Acts
! Criminal Tribes Act
! Grazing Tax
Explain why Nazi propaganda was effective in creating a hatred for Jews.
In what ways did the Nazi state seek to establish total control over its people ?
Make two lists: one with the main events and the effects of the February Revolution and the other with the main events and effects of the October Revolution. Write a paragraph on who was involved in each, who were the leaders and what was the impact of each on Soviet history.
Explain why nomadic tribes need to move from one place to another. What are the advantages to the environment of this continuous movement?
What were the main changes brought about by the Bolsheviks immediately after the October Revolution?
Discuss why Nazism became popular in Germany by 1930.
Between 1880 and 1920, forest cover in the Indian subcontinent declined by 9.7 million hectares, from 108.6 million hectares to 98.9 million hectares. Discuss the role of the following factors in this decline:
! Railways
! Shipbuilding
! Agricultural expansion
! Commercial farming
! Tea/Coffee plantations
! Adivasis and other peasant users
Why are forests affected by wars?