Give two practical applications of reflection of sound waves.
(i) Sound navigation and ranging which is used to find the depth of the ocean. This method is known as SONAR.
(ii) Stethoscope is used by doctors to measure heartbeat. Dr. is able to hear the sound due to multiple reflection of sound in the stethoscope.
Explain the working and application of a sonar.
Explain how sound is produced by your school bell.
Explain how defects in a metal block can be detected using ultrasound.
Distinguish between loudness and intensity of sound.
A sound wave travels at a speed of 339 m s-1. If its wavelength is 1.5 cm, what is the frequency of the wave? Will it be audible?
Which characteristic of the sound helps you to identify your friend by his voice while sitting with others in a dark room?
A sonar device on a submarine sends out a signal and receives an echo 5 s later. Calculate the speed of sound in water if the distance of the object from the submarine is 3625 m.
How is ultrasound used for cleaning?
Explain how the human ear works.
Which wave property determines
(a) loudness, (b) pitch?
Which of the following has more inertia: (a) a rubber ball and a stone of the same size? (b) a bicycle and a train? (c) a five-rupees coin and a one-rupee coin?
State the universal law of gravitation.
Which of the following are matter?
Chair, air, love, smell, hate, almonds, thought, cold, cold-drink, smell of perfume.
A force of 7 N acts on an object. The displacement is, say 8 m, in the direction of the force (Fig. 11.3). Let us take it that the force acts on the object through the displacement. What is the work done in this case?
What is meant by a pure substance?
In a reaction, 5.3 g of sodium carbonate reacted with 6 g of ethanoic acid. The products were 2.2 g of carbon dioxide, 0.9 g water and 8.2 g of sodium observations are in agreement with the law of conservation of mass.
sodium carbonate + ethanoic acid → sodium ethanoate + carbon dioxide + water
What are canal rays?
State any two conditions essential for good health.
How is our atmosphere different from the atmospheres on Venus and Mars?
Who discovered cells, and how?
How would you confirm that a colourless liquid given to you is pure water?
Which of the following are chemical changes?
(a) Growth of a plant
(b) Rusting of iron
(c) Mixing of iron filings and sand
(d) Cooking of food
(e) Digestion of food
(f) Freezing of water
(g) Burning of a candle.
An object experiences a net zero external unbalanced force. Is it possible for the object to be travelling with a non-zero velocity? If yes, state the conditions that must be placed on the magnitude and direction of the velocity. If no, provide a reason.
When 3.0 g of carbon is burnt in 8.00 g oxygen, 11.00 g of carbon dioxide is produced. What mass of carbon dioxide will be formed when 3.00 g of carbon is burnt in 50.00 g of oxygen? Which law of chemical combination will govern your answer?
Na+ has completely filled K and L shells. Explain.
What does the odometer of an automobile measure?
Are the answers to the above questions necessarily the same or different? Why?
What is a tissue?
When a carpet is beaten with a stick, dust comes out of it. Explain.
Under which of the following conditions are you most likely to fall sick?
(a) when you are taking examinations.
(b) when you have travelled by bus and train for two days.
(c) when your friend is suffering from measles.
Why?