Cite an experiment to show that sound needs a material medium for its propagation.
Take an electric bell and connect it to electrical supply. An airtight glass bell jar with a vacuum pump.
When we press the switch, we will be able to hear the bell. One can hear the sound of the ringing bell. Now, take a jar and make a small hole in the bottom and insert a small pipe though it. Connect the other end of the pipe to a vacuum cleaner. When the air in the jar is pumped out gradually, the sound becomes feeble although the same amount of current is flowing through the bell. It will be observed that the sound of the ringing bell decreases. When there is no air present inside, we will not be able to hear the sound of the bell. This shows that sound requires a medium for its propagation.
Explain the working and application of a sonar.
Explain how sound is produced by your school bell.
Explain how defects in a metal block can be detected using ultrasound.
A sound wave travels at a speed of 339 m s-1. If its wavelength is 1.5 cm, what is the frequency of the wave? Will it be audible?
Distinguish between loudness and intensity of sound.
A sonar device on a submarine sends out a signal and receives an echo 5 s later. Calculate the speed of sound in water if the distance of the object from the submarine is 3625 m.
Which characteristic of the sound helps you to identify your friend by his voice while sitting with others in a dark room?
How is ultrasound used for cleaning?
Which wave property determines
(a) loudness, (b) pitch?
Explain how the human ear works.
Which of the following has more inertia: (a) a rubber ball and a stone of the same size? (b) a bicycle and a train? (c) a five-rupees coin and a one-rupee coin?
State the universal law of gravitation.
Which of the following are matter?
Chair, air, love, smell, hate, almonds, thought, cold, cold-drink, smell of perfume.
A force of 7 N acts on an object. The displacement is, say 8 m, in the direction of the force (Fig. 11.3). Let us take it that the force acts on the object through the displacement. What is the work done in this case?
What is meant by a pure substance?
In a reaction, 5.3 g of sodium carbonate reacted with 6 g of ethanoic acid. The products were 2.2 g of carbon dioxide, 0.9 g water and 8.2 g of sodium observations are in agreement with the law of conservation of mass.
sodium carbonate + ethanoic acid → sodium ethanoate + carbon dioxide + water
What are canal rays?
State any two conditions essential for good health.
How is our atmosphere different from the atmospheres on Venus and Mars?
Who discovered cells, and how?
In the following example, try to identify the number of times the velocity of the ball changes: “A football player kicks a football to another player of his team who kicks the football towards the goal. The goalkeeper of the opposite team collects the football and kicks it towards a player of his own team”.
Also identify the agent supplying the force in each case.
With the help of Table 4.1, find out the mass number of oxygen and sulphur atom.
What is the acceleration of free fall?
What are the differences between broilers and layers and in their management?
Joseph jogs from one end A to the other end B of a straight 300 m road in 2 minutes 50 seconds and then turns around and jogs 100 m back to point C in another 1 minute. What are Joseph’s average speeds and velocities in jogging (a) from A to B and (b) from A to C?
Give three examples of the range of variations that you see in life-forms around you.
What is the nature of the distance-time graphs for uniform and non-uniform motion of an object?
You have seen weather reports on television and in newspapers. How do you think we are able to predict the weather?
Write the electronic configuration of any one pair of isotopes and isobars.
What can you say about the motion of an object whose distance-time graph is a straight line parallel to the time axis?