You have seen weather reports on television and in newspapers. How do you think we are able to predict the weather?
A daily weather forecast is the work of people working for the weather department to collect data on the elements of weather such as maximum and minimum temperatures, maximum and minimum humidity, rainfall, wind speed, etc. Weather satellites are present to take photographs of clouds from space. The maximum and minimum temperature of a day is measured by a thermometer known as the maximum−minimum thermometer. Rainfall is measured by an instrument known as the rain gauge. Wind speed is measured by anemometers. There are various instruments used to measure humidity.
List any three human activities that you think would lead to air pollution.
What causes winds?
Why is the atmosphere essential for life?
Why do organisms need water?
Why is water essential for life?
We know that many human activities lead to increasing levels of pollution of the air, water-bodies and soil. Do you think that isolating these activities to specific and limited areas would help in reducing pollution?
List any three human activities which would lead to an increase in the carbon dioxide content of air.
How does the atmosphere act as a blanket?
How is our atmosphere different from the atmospheres on Venus and Mars?
What is the greenhouse effect?
Which of the following has more inertia: (a) a rubber ball and a stone of the same size? (b) a bicycle and a train? (c) a five-rupees coin and a one-rupee coin?
State the universal law of gravitation.
Which of the following are matter?
Chair, air, love, smell, hate, almonds, thought, cold, cold-drink, smell of perfume.
A force of 7 N acts on an object. The displacement is, say 8 m, in the direction of the force (Fig. 11.3). Let us take it that the force acts on the object through the displacement. What is the work done in this case?
What is meant by a pure substance?
How does the sound produced by a vibrating object in a medium reach your ear?
In a reaction, 5.3 g of sodium carbonate reacted with 6 g of ethanoic acid. The products were 2.2 g of carbon dioxide, 0.9 g water and 8.2 g of sodium observations are in agreement with the law of conservation of mass.
sodium carbonate + ethanoic acid → sodium ethanoate + carbon dioxide + water
What are canal rays?
State any two conditions essential for good health.
Who discovered cells, and how?
A hammer of mass 500 g, moving at 50 m s-1, strikes a nail. The nail stops the hammer in a very short time of 0.01 s. What is the force of the nail on the hammer?
A stone is dropped from the top of a tower 500 m high into a pond of water at the base of the tower. When is the splash heard at the top? Given, g = 10 m s-2 and speed of sound = 340 m s-1.
Which postulate of Dalton’s atomic theory is the result of the law of conservation of mass?
With the help of Table 4.1, find out the mass number of oxygen and sulphur atom.
What do you mean by buoyancy?
Differentiate between striated, unstriated and cardiac muscles on the basis of their structure and site/location in the body.
Find the energy in kW h consumed in 10 hours by four devices of power 500 W each.
Describe Bohr’s model of the atom.
An artificial satellite is moving in a circular orbit of radius 42250 km. Calculate its speed if it takes 24 hours to revolve around the earth.
Calculate the number of molecules of sulphur (S8) present in 16 g of solid sulphur.