How is soil formed?
Soil is the uppermost layer of earth crust formed by weathering of rocks. It is the mixture of living or non-living material. Soil formation is a bidirectional process, i.e from the upper side by decomposition (depends on sunlight, temperature, moisture, water) of detritus and from the lower side by breakdown of large rocks.
List any three human activities that you think would lead to air pollution.
What causes winds?
Why is the atmosphere essential for life?
Why do organisms need water?
Why is water essential for life?
We know that many human activities lead to increasing levels of pollution of the air, water-bodies and soil. Do you think that isolating these activities to specific and limited areas would help in reducing pollution?
List any three human activities which would lead to an increase in the carbon dioxide content of air.
How does the atmosphere act as a blanket?
How is our atmosphere different from the atmospheres on Venus and Mars?
You have seen weather reports on television and in newspapers. How do you think we are able to predict the weather?
Which of the following has more inertia: (a) a rubber ball and a stone of the same size? (b) a bicycle and a train? (c) a five-rupees coin and a one-rupee coin?
State the universal law of gravitation.
Which of the following are matter?
Chair, air, love, smell, hate, almonds, thought, cold, cold-drink, smell of perfume.
A force of 7 N acts on an object. The displacement is, say 8 m, in the direction of the force (Fig. 11.3). Let us take it that the force acts on the object through the displacement. What is the work done in this case?
What is meant by a pure substance?
How does the sound produced by a vibrating object in a medium reach your ear?
In a reaction, 5.3 g of sodium carbonate reacted with 6 g of ethanoic acid. The products were 2.2 g of carbon dioxide, 0.9 g water and 8.2 g of sodium observations are in agreement with the law of conservation of mass.
sodium carbonate + ethanoic acid → sodium ethanoate + carbon dioxide + water
What are canal rays?
State any two conditions essential for good health.
Who discovered cells, and how?
A sonar device on a submarine sends out a signal and receives an echo 5 s later. Calculate the speed of sound in water if the distance of the object from the submarine is 3625 m.
What is the magnitude of the gravitational force between the earth and a 1 kg object on its surface? (Mass of the earth is 6 × 1024 kg and radius of the earth is 6.4 × 106 m.)
You find your mass to be 42 kg on a weighing machine. Is your mass more or less than 42 kg?
Define the atomic mass unit.
Why do you fall in the forward direction when a moving bus brakes to a stop and fall backwards when it accelerates from rest?
Write an expression for the work done when a force is acting on an object in the direction of its displacement.
For any substance, why does the temperature remain constant during the change of state?
How do poriferan animals differ from coelenterate animals?
When a carpet is beaten with a stick, dust comes out of it. Explain.
Does sound follow the same laws of reflection as light does? Explain.