How are pteridophytes different from the phanerogams?
Pteridophyta | Phanerogams |
The reproductive organs of pteridophytes are inconspicuous or less differentiated. | The reproductive organs of phanerogams are well developed. |
Pteridophytes have naked embryos that are called spores. | Phanerogams produce seeds which consist of embryo and stored food. |
Example: Ferns, Marsilea, Equisetum, etc. | Example: Pinus, Cycas, fir, etc. |
How do poriferan animals differ from coelenterate animals?
Explain the basis for grouping organisms into five kingdoms.
Explain how animals in Vertebrata are classified into further subgroups.
Which organisms are called primitive and how are they different from the so-called advanced organisms?
How do gymnosperms and Angiosperms differ from each other?
Give three examples of the range of variations that you see in life-forms around you.
What are the major divisions in the Plantae? What is the basis for these divisions?
How do annelid animals differ from arthropods?
Which do you think is a more basic characteristic for classifying organisms?
(a) the place where they live.
(b) the kind of cells they are made of. Why?
What are the differences between amphibians and reptiles?
Which of the following has more inertia: (a) a rubber ball and a stone of the same size? (b) a bicycle and a train? (c) a five-rupees coin and a one-rupee coin?
State the universal law of gravitation.
Which of the following are matter?
Chair, air, love, smell, hate, almonds, thought, cold, cold-drink, smell of perfume.
A force of 7 N acts on an object. The displacement is, say 8 m, in the direction of the force (Fig. 11.3). Let us take it that the force acts on the object through the displacement. What is the work done in this case?
What is meant by a pure substance?
How does the sound produced by a vibrating object in a medium reach your ear?
In a reaction, 5.3 g of sodium carbonate reacted with 6 g of ethanoic acid. The products were 2.2 g of carbon dioxide, 0.9 g water and 8.2 g of sodium observations are in agreement with the law of conservation of mass.
sodium carbonate + ethanoic acid → sodium ethanoate + carbon dioxide + water
What are canal rays?
State any two conditions essential for good health.
How is our atmosphere different from the atmospheres on Venus and Mars?
What is a tissue?
A motorboat starting from rest on a lake accelerates in a straight line at a constant rate of 3.0 m s-2 for 8.0 s. How far does the boat travel during this time?
What is the role of epidermis in plants?
A train starting from a railway station and moving with uniform acceleration attains a speed 40 km h-1 in 10 minutes. Find its acceleration.
Which of the following are matter?
Chair, air, love, smell, hate, almonds, thought, cold, cold-drink, smell of perfume.
What is the specific function of the cardiac muscle?
Give three features of cardiac muscles.
How many types of elements together make up the xylem tissue? Name them.
Describe Bohr’s model of the atom.
How is a prokaryotic cell different from a eukaryotic cell?