Class 12 Micro Economics - Chapter The Theory of the Firm under Perfect Competition NCERT Solutions | Consider a market with two firms. The fo

The market price of a good changes from Rs 5 to Rs 20. As a result, the quantity supplied by a firm increases by 15 units. The price elasticity of the firm’s supply curve is 0.5. Find the initial and final output levels of the firm.

A firm earns a revenue of Rs 50 when the market price of a good is Rs 10. The market price increases to Rs 15 and the firm now earns a revenue of Rs 150. What is the price elasticity of the firm’s supply curve?

How does the imposition of a unit tax affect the supply curve of a firm?

What is the supply curve of a firm in the long run?

What is the relation between market price and average revenue of a price-taking firm?

What is the relation between market price and marginal revenue of a price-taking firm?

How does an increase in the number of firms in a market affect the market supply curve?

Compute the total revenue, marginal revenue and average revenue schedules in the following table. Market price of each unit of the good is Rs 10.

How does an increase in the price of an input affect the supply curve of a firm?

Will a profit-maximising firm in a competitive market ever produce a positive level of output in the range where the marginal cost is falling? Give an explanation.

Explain the concept of a production function

What would be the shape of the demand curve so that the total revenue curve is?

(a) A positively sloped straight line passing through the origin?

(b) A horizontal line?

Explain market equilibrium.

Discuss the central problems of an economy.

What do you mean by the budget set of a consumer?

What is the total product of input?

From the schedule provided below calculate the total revenue, demand curve and the price elasticity of demand:

When do we say that there is an excess demand for a commodity in the market?

What do you mean by the production possibilities of an economy?

What is budget line?

If the price of a substitute Y of good X increases, what impact does it have on the equilibrium price and quantity of good X?

Can you think of any commodity on which the price ceiling is imposed in India? What may be the consequence of price-ceiling?

The following table gives the marginal product schedule of labour. It is also given that the total product of labour is zero at zero level of employment. Calculate the total and average product schedules of labour.

Suppose a consumer’s preferences are monotonic. What can you say about her preference ranking over the bundles (10, 10), (10, 9) and (9, 9)?

How are equilibrium price and quantity affected when income of the consumers

a) Increase

b) Decrease

The following table shows the total cost schedule of a firm. What is the total fixed cost schedule of this firm? Calculate the TVC, AFC, AVC, SAC and SMC schedules of the firm.

Explain the concept of a production function

When does a production function satisfy constant returns to scale?

A monopoly firm has a total fixed cost of Rs 100 and has the following demand schedule:

Find the short run equilibrium quantity, price and total profit. What would be the equilibrium in the long run? In case the total cost is Rs.1000, describe the equilibrium in the short run and in the long run.

Considering the same demand curve as in exercise 22, now let us understand for free entry and exit of the firms producing commodity X. Also assume the market consists of identical firms producing commodity X. Let the supply curve of a single firm be explained?

q*= 8+3p for p ≥ 20

= 0 for 0 ≤ p ≤ Rs 20

(a) What is the significance of p =20?

(b) At what price will the market for X be in equilibrium? State the reason for your answer.

(c) Calculate the equilibrium quantity and number of firms.