Class 12 Micro Economics - Chapter Production and Costs NCERT Solutions | The following table gives the total prod

What is the total product of input?

When does a production function satisfy decreasing returns to scale? 

Why does the SMC curve cut the AVC curve at the minimum point of the AVC curve? 

Explain the relationship between the marginal products and the total product of an input. 

What are the average fixed cost, average variable cost and average cost of a firm? How are they related? 

What do the long-run marginal cost and the average cost curves look like? 

What is the law of diminishing marginal product? 

Why is the short-run marginal cost curve 'U'-shaped? 

What are the average fixed cost, average variable cost and average cost of a firm? How are they related? 

What does the average fixed cost curve look like? Why does it look so? 

What would be the shape of the demand curve so that the total revenue curve is?

(a) A positively sloped straight line passing through the origin?

(b) A horizontal line?

Explain market equilibrium.

Discuss the central problems of an economy.

What are the characteristics of a perfectly competitive market?

What do you mean by the budget set of a consumer?

From the schedule provided below calculate the total revenue, demand curve and the price elasticity of demand:

When do we say that there is an excess demand for a commodity in the market?

What do you mean by the production possibilities of an economy?

How are the total revenue of a firm, market price, and the quantity sold by the firm related to each other?

What is budget line?

If a consumer has monotonic preferences, can she be indifferent between the
bundles (10, 8) and (8, 6)?

Suppose the price elasticity of demand for a good is – 0.2. If there is a 5 % increase in the price of the good, by what percentage will the demand for the good go down?

Explain through a diagram the effect of a rightward shift of both the demand and supply curves on equilibrium price and quantity.

What do you mean by a normal good?

A consumer wants to consume two goods. The prices of the two goods are Rs 4
and Rs 5 respectively. The consumer’s income is Rs 20.
(i) Write down the equation of the budget line.
(ii) How much of good 1 can the consumer consume if she spends her entire
income on that good?
(iii) How much of good 2 can she consume if she spends her entire income on
that good?
(iv) What is the slope of the budget line?
Questions 5, 6 and 7 are related to question 4.

What is budget line?

Suppose your friend is indifferent to the bundles (5, 6) and (6, 6). Are the preferences of your friend monotonic?

The market demand curve for a commodity and the total cost for a monopoly firm producing the commodity are given in the schedules below. 

Use the information given to calculate the following:

(a) The MIR and MC schedules

(b) The quantities for which MIR and MC are equal

(c) The equilibrium quantity of output and the equilibrium price of the commodity

(d) The total revenue, total cost and total profit in the equilibrium

Can you think of any commodity on which the price ceiling is imposed in India? What may be the consequence of price-ceiling?

How does the imposition of a unit tax affect the supply curve of a firm?