Why do we say that it was not natural fertility and high levels of food production that were the causes of early urbanisation?
It is often said that natural fertility and high levels of food production were the causes of early urbanization. It is because of the following reasons:
● Natural fertility encourages settled life and agricultural production.
● It paved the way for animal husbandry.
● Fertility of the soil was also helpful in the beginning of new occupations.
● Flourishing trade and commerce is also another major factor for urbanization.
● The development of art of writing and administration played a very critical role in the development of urbanization.
Why would the early temple have been much like a house?
What do ancient stories tell us about the civilisation of Mesopotamia?
Which of the following were necessary conditions and which the causes, of early urbanisation, and which would you say were the outcome of the growth of cities:
(a) highly productive agriculture,
(b) water transport,
(c) the lack of metal and stone,
(d) the division of labour,
(e) the use of seals,
(f) the military power of kings that made labour compulsory?
Of the new institutions that came into being once city life had begun, which would have depended on the initiative of the king?
Why were mobile animal herders not necessarily a threat to town life?
Look at the diagram showing the positive feedback mechanism on page 13. Can you list the inputs that went into tool making? What were the processes that were strengthened by tool making?
What were the features of the lives of the Bedouins in the early seventh century?
Why was trade so significant to the Mongols?
Describe two features of early feudal society in France.
Which elements of Greek and Roman culture were revived in the 14th and 15th centuries ?
Compare the civilization of the Aztecs with that of the Mesopotamians.
How did Britain’s involvement in wars from 1793 to 1815 affect British industries?
Comment on any points of difference between the native peoples of South and North America.
What were the major developments before the Meiji restoration that made it possible for Japan to modernise rapidly?
Humans and mammals such as monkeys and apes have certain similarities in behaviour and anatomy. This indicates that humans possibly evolved from apes. List these resemblances in two columns under the headings of (a) behaviour and (b) anatomy. Are there any differences that you think are noteworthy?
Compare the Venetian idea of good government with those in contemporary France.
How do later Mongol reflections on the yasa bring out the uneasy relationship they had with the memory of Genghis Khan.
Give examples of the cosmopolitan character of the states set up by Arabs, Iranians and Turks.
Compare the effects of the coming of the railways in different countries of the world.
Describe two features of early feudal society in France.
Why were Italian towns the first to experience the ideas of humanism?
Compare the civilization of the Aztecs with that of the Mesopotamians.
Write a careful account of how the world appeared different to seventeenth century Europeans.
Describe a journey from Samarqand to Damascus, referring to the cities on the route.
Compare the conditions of life for a French serf and a Roman slave.