What were the effects of the Crusades on Europe and Asia?
Effects of the Crusades on Europe and Asia:
● The Crusades resulted in the fall of the authority of feudal lords in Europe and an increased power of the monarch.
● These Crusades also resulted into increase in the knowledge of the Europeans. They were surprised to see the progress made by the Muslims in the fields of art, science, and literature.
● There was great influence of the Italian mercantile communities in trade between the East and the West.
● These also led to change in the method of warfare. For defense purpose, new forts were constructed.
What were the features of the lives of the Bedouins in the early seventh century?
Give examples of the cosmopolitan character of the states set up by Arabs, Iranians and Turks.
How were Islamic architectural forms different from those of the Roman Empire?
What is meant by the term ‘Abbasid revolution’?
Describe a journey from Samarqand to Damascus, referring to the cities on the route.
Look at the diagram showing the positive feedback mechanism on page 13. Can you list the inputs that went into tool making? What were the processes that were strengthened by tool making?
Why do we say that it was not natural fertility and high levels of food production that were the causes of early urbanisation?
Why was trade so significant to the Mongols?
Describe two features of early feudal society in France.
Which elements of Greek and Roman culture were revived in the 14th and 15th centuries ?
Compare the civilization of the Aztecs with that of the Mesopotamians.
How did Britain’s involvement in wars from 1793 to 1815 affect British industries?
Comment on any points of difference between the native peoples of South and North America.
What were the major developments before the Meiji restoration that made it possible for Japan to modernise rapidly?
Humans and mammals such as monkeys and apes have certain similarities in behaviour and anatomy. This indicates that humans possibly evolved from apes. List these resemblances in two columns under the headings of (a) behaviour and (b) anatomy. Are there any differences that you think are noteworthy?
What did the ‘frontier’ mean to the Americans?
What were the features of humanist thought?
Why was the history of the Australian native peoples left out of the history books?
Why were Italian towns the first to experience the ideas of humanism?
Write a careful account of how the world appeared different to seventeenth century Europeans.
Other than the use of English, what other features of English economic and social life do you notice in 19th century USA?
How do later Mongol reflections on the yasa bring out the uneasy relationship they had with the memory of Genghis Khan.
Why did knights become a distinct group and when did they decline?
Compare the civilization of the Aztecs with that of the Mesopotamians.
What do ancient stories tell us about the civilisation of Mesopotamia?