Discuss the extent to which (a) hunting and (b) constructing shelters would have been facilitated by the use of language. What other modes of communication could have been used for these activities?
(a) Use of language helped hunting activities of human beings in numerous ways:
● Now people are in a position of organizing and managing hunting expeditions
● They are now free to exchange their ideas about different animals in different regions.
● They could now discuss the nature and behavior of animals.
● They could now discuss regarding the types of tools to be used.
(b) Language helped in constructing shelters for early humans in the following ways:
● Now people could discuss regarding secure and safe places for the construction of shelters.
● Now people could gather information about the materials used in the construction of shelter.
● Information regarding resources in and around their surroundings can be easily obtained.
● They were now in a position to discuss the means to protect their shelters in
severe conditions. Other modes: Signs, symbols, cave paintings, engraving on walls and on the ceilings of caves were the other modes of communication used for various activities.
Discuss the arguments advanced in favour of the regional continuity model of human origins. Do you think it provides a convincing explanation of the archaeological evidence? Give reasons for your answer.
Humans and mammals such as monkeys and apes have certain similarities in behaviour and anatomy. This indicates that humans possibly evolved from apes. List these resemblances in two columns under the headings of (a) behaviour and (b) anatomy. Are there any differences that you think are noteworthy?
Look at the diagram showing the positive feedback mechanism on page 13. Can you list the inputs that went into tool making? What were the processes that were strengthened by tool making?
Which of the following do you think is best documented in the archaeological record: (a) gathering, (b) tool making, (c) the use of fire?
Why do we say that it was not natural fertility and high levels of food production that were the causes of early urbanisation?
What were the features of the lives of the Bedouins in the early seventh century?
Why was trade so significant to the Mongols?
Describe two features of early feudal society in France.
Which elements of Greek and Roman culture were revived in the 14th and 15th centuries ?
Compare the civilization of the Aztecs with that of the Mesopotamians.
How did Britain’s involvement in wars from 1793 to 1815 affect British industries?
Comment on any points of difference between the native peoples of South and North America.
What were the major developments before the Meiji restoration that made it possible for Japan to modernise rapidly?
Which of the following were necessary conditions and which the causes, of early urbanisation, and which would you say were the outcome of the growth of cities:
(a) highly productive agriculture,
(b) water transport,
(c) the lack of metal and stone,
(d) the division of labour,
(e) the use of seals,
(f) the military power of kings that made labour compulsory?
Discuss how daily life was transformed as Japan developed?
Compare details of Italian architecture of this period with Islamic architecture.
What were the features of humanist thought?
Compare the effects of the coming of the railways in different countries of the world.
Which elements of Greek and Roman culture were revived in the 14th and 15th centuries ?
Give reasons for Spain and Portugal being the first in the 5th century to venture across the Atlantic.
Give examples of the cosmopolitan character of the states set up by Arabs, Iranians and Turks.
What were the interesting features of the inventions of this period?
Which of the following were necessary conditions and which the causes, of early urbanisation, and which would you say were the outcome of the growth of cities:
(a) highly productive agriculture,
(b) water transport,
(c) the lack of metal and stone,
(d) the division of labour,
(e) the use of seals,
(f) the military power of kings that made labour compulsory?
How did the Qing dynasty try and meet the challenge posed by the Western powers?