What are the different colonial architectural styles which can be seen in Bombay city?
In the past, buildings were at odds with the traditional Indian buildings. Gradually, Indians too got used to European architecture and made it their own. The British in turn adapted some Indian styles to suit their needs. One example is the bungalow which was used by government officers in Bombay. The colonial bungalow was set on extensive grounds which ensured privacy. The traditional pitched roof and surrounding veranda kept the bungalow cool in summer months. These bungalows can still be seen in the city. Other than that traditional styles of decoration and building exist. The lack of space in the city and crowding led to a type of building unique to Bombay, the chawl.
What were the concerns that influenced town planning in the nineteenth century?
What were the new kinds of public places that emerged in the colonial city? What functions did they serve?
On an outline map of India, trace the major rivers and hill ranges. Plot ten cities mentionedin the chapter, including Bombay, Calcutta and Madras, and prepare a brief note on why the importance of any two cities that you have marked (one colonial and one pre-colonial) changed in the nineteenth century.
To what extent are census data useful in reconstructing patterns of urbanisation in the colonial context?
What do the terms “White” and “Black” Town signify?
To what extent were social relations transformed in the new cities?
How did prominent Indian merchants establish themselves in the colonial city?
How were urban centres transformed during the eighteenth century?
Examine how concerns of defence and health gave shape to Calcutta.
Why was the jotedar a powerful figure in many areas of rural Bengal?
Why did the mutinous sepoys in many places turn to erstwhile rulers to provide leadership to the revolt?
How did Mahatma Gandhi seek to identify with the common people?
What did the Muslim League demand through its resolution of 1940?
What were the ideals expressed in the Objectives Resolution?
How did zamindars manage to retain control over their zamindaris?
Discuss the evidence that indicates planning and coordination on the part of the rebels.
How was Mahatma Gandhi perceived by the peasants?
Why did some people think of Partition as a very sudden development?
How was the term minority defined by different groups?
Why did the Santhals rebel against British rule?
Why was the charkha chosen as a symbol of nationalism?
How did ordinary people view Partition?
How did the Constituent Assembly seek to resolve the language controversy?
What explains the anger of the Deccan ryots against Fig. 10.20 the moneylenders?
Why did some people think of Partition as a very sudden development?
Examine any two sources presented in the chapter, choosing one visual and one text, and discuss how these represent the point of view of the victor and the vanquished.
How was non-cooperation a form of protest?
How was Mahatma Gandhi perceived by the peasants?
Discuss the extent to which religious beliefs shaped the events of 1857.