Class 12 History - Themes in Indian History - II - Chapter Kings and Chronicles NCERT Solutions | Assess the role played by women of the i
Assess the role played by women of the imperial household in the Mughal Empire.
(i)The term “haram” is used to describe the domestic world of the Mughals. This word is taken from the Persian word haram, which means a sacred place.
(ii)The Mughal household consisted of the emperor’s wives and concubines, his near and distant relatives (mother, step- and foster-mothers, sisters, daughters, daughters-in-law, aunts, children, etc.), and female servants and slaves.
(iii)Polygamy was practised widely in the Indian subcontinent, especially among the ruling groups. Both for the Rajput clans as well as the Mughals marriage was a way of cementing political relationships and forging alliances.
(iv)The gift of territory was often accompanied by the gift of a daughter in marriage. This ensured a continuing hierarchical relationship between ruling groups. It was through the link of marriage and the relationships that developed as a result that the Mughals were able to form a vast kinship network that linked them to important groups and helped to hold a vast empire together.
(v)In the Mughal household a distinction was maintained between wives who came from royal families (begams), and other wives (aghas) who were not of noble birth.
(vi)The begams, married after receiving huge amounts of cash and valuables as dowry (maahr), naturally received a higher status and greater attention from their husbands than did aghas. The concubines (aghacha or the lesser agha) occupied the lowest position in the hierarchy of females intimately related to royalty.
(vii)The agha and the aghacha could rise to the position of a begam depending on the husband’s will, and provided that he did not already have four wives.
(viii)Love and motherhood played important roles in elevating such women to the status of legally wedded wives. Apart from wives, numerous male and female slaves populated the Mughal Household. The tasks they performed varied from the most mundane to those requiring skill, tact and intelligence.
(ix)Slave eunuchs (khwajasara) moved between the external and internal life of the household as guards, servants, and also as agents for women dabbling in commerce.
More Questions From Class 12 History - Themes in Indian History - II - Chapter Kings and Chronicles
- Q:-
What were the distinctive features of the Mughal nobility? How was their relationship with the emperor shaped?
- Q:-
Discuss, with examples, the distinctive features of Mughal chronicles.
- Q:-
What were the concerns that shaped Mughal policies and attitudes towards regions outside the subcontinent?
- Q:-
Discuss the major features of Mughal provincial administration. How did the centre control the provinces?
- Q:-
Identify the elements that went into the making of the Mughal ideal of kingship.
- Q:-
Describe the process of manuscript production in the Mughal court.
- Q:-
In what ways would the daily routine and special festivities associated with the Mughal court have conveyed a sense of the power of the emperor?
- Q:-
To what extent do you think the visual material presented in this chapter corresponds with Abu’l Fazl’s description of the taswir (Source 1)?
Popular Questions of Class 12 History - Themes in Indian History - II
- Q:-
Write a note on the Kitab-ul-Hind.
- Q:-
What have been the methods used to study the ruins of Hampi over the last two centuries? In what way do you think they would have complemented the information provided by the priests of the Virupaksha temple?
- Q:-
What are the problems in using the Ain as a source for reconstructing agrarian history? How do historians deal with this situation?
- Q:-
Explain with examples what historians mean by the integration of cults.
- Q:-
Compare and contrast the perspectives from which Ibn Battuta and Bernier wrote their accounts of their travels in India.
- Q:-
How were the water requirements of Vijayanagara met?
- Q:-
To what extent is it possible to characterise agricultural production in the sixteenth-seventeenth centuries as subsistence agriculture? Give reasons for your answer.
- Q:-
To what extent do you think the architecture of mosques in the subcontinent reflects a combination of universal ideals and local traditions?
- Q:-
Discuss the picture of urban centres that emerges from Bernier’s account.
- Q:-
What do you think were the advantages and disadvantages of enclosing agricultural land within the fortified area of the city?
Recently Viewed Questions of Class 12 History - Themes in Indian History - II
- Q:-
What were the elements of the practice of sati that drew the attention of Bernier?
- Q:-
Analyse the evidence for slavery provided by Ibn Battuta.
- Q:-
What do you think was the significance of the rituals associated with the mahanavami dibba?
- Q:-
Discuss the major beliefs and practices that characterised Sufism.
- Q:-
On an outline map of India, plot three major sufi shrines, and three places associated with temples (one each of a form of Vishnu, Shiva and the goddess).
- Q:-
Choose any two of the religious teachers/thinkers/saints mentioned in this chapter, and find out more about their lives and teachings. Prepare a report about the area and the times in which they lived, their major ideas, how we know about them, and why you think they are important.
- Q:-
On an outline map of the world mark the countries visited by Ibn Battuta. What are the seas that he may have crossed?
- Q:-
Discuss the ways in which the Alvars, Nayanars and Virashaivas expressed critiques of the caste system.
- Q:-
Explain with examples what historians mean by the integration of cults.
- Q:-
To what extent do you think caste was a factor in influencing social and economic relations in agrarian society?
- All Chapters Of Class 12 History - Themes in Indian History - II
- All Subjects Of Class 12