Why did RBI have to change its role from controller to facilitator of financial sector in India?
Prior to liberalisation, RBI used to regulate and control the financial sector that includes financial institutions like commercial banks, investment banks, stock exchange operations and foreign exchange markets. With the economic liberalisation and financial sector reforms, RBI needed to shift its role from a controller to facilitator of the financial sector. This implies that the financial organisations were free to make their own decisions on many matters without consulting the RBI. This opened up the gates of financial sectors for the private players. The main objective behind the financial reforms was to encourage private sector participation, increase competition and allow market forces to operate in the financial sector. Thus, it can be said that before liberalisation, RBI was controlling the financial sector operations whereas in the post-liberalisation period, the financial sector operations were mostly based on the market forces.
How is RBI controlling the commercial banks?
Distinguish between the following
(i) Strategic and Minority sale
(ii) Bilateral and Multi-lateral trade
(iii) Tariff and Non-tariff barriers.
Agriculture sector appears to be adversely affected by the reform process. Why?
Why were reforms introduced in India?
Those public sector undertakings which are making profits should be privatised. Do you agree with this view? Why?
Do you think the navaratna policy of the government helps in improving the performance of public sector undertakings in India? How?
Do you think outsourcing is good for India? Why are developed countries opposing it?
What do you understand by devaluation of rupee?
Why has the industrial sector performed poorly in the reform period?
Discuss economic reforms in India in the light of social justice and welfare.
What was the focus of the economic policies pursued by the colonial government in India? What were the impacts of these policies?
What are the two major sources of human capital in a country?
What do you mean by rural development? Bring out the key issues in rural development.
Define a plan?
Who is a worker?
Explain the term ‘infrastructure’.
What is meant by environment?
Why are regional and economic groupings formed?
Why calorie-based norm is not adequate to identify the poor?
Name some notable economists who estimated India’s per capita income during the colonial period?
What do you mean by rural development? Bring out the key issues in rural development.
Why are less women found in regular salaried employment?
Identify six factors contributing to land degradation in India.
Establish the need for acquiring information relating to health and education expenditure for the effective utilisation of human resources.
The three dimensional attack on poverty adopted by the govern-ment has not succeded in poverty alleviation in India. Comment.
Mention the various indicators of human development.
The traditional handicrafts industries were ruined under the British rule. Do you agree with this view? Give reasons in support of your answer.
Explain the role of non-farm employment in promoting rural diversification.
Raj is going to school. When he is not in school, you will find him working in his farm. Can you consider him as a worker? Why?
Bring out the importance of animal husbandry, fisheries and horticulture as a source of diversification.