Why did RBI have to change its role from controller to facilitator of financial sector in India?
Prior to liberalisation, RBI used to regulate and control the financial sector that includes financial institutions like commercial banks, investment banks, stock exchange operations and foreign exchange markets. With the economic liberalisation and financial sector reforms, RBI needed to shift its role from a controller to facilitator of the financial sector. This implies that the financial organisations were free to make their own decisions on many matters without consulting the RBI. This opened up the gates of financial sectors for the private players. The main objective behind the financial reforms was to encourage private sector participation, increase competition and allow market forces to operate in the financial sector. Thus, it can be said that before liberalisation, RBI was controlling the financial sector operations whereas in the post-liberalisation period, the financial sector operations were mostly based on the market forces.
How is RBI controlling the commercial banks?
Distinguish between the following
(i) Strategic and Minority sale
(ii) Bilateral and Multi-lateral trade
(iii) Tariff and Non-tariff barriers.
Agriculture sector appears to be adversely affected by the reform process. Why?
Why were reforms introduced in India?
Those public sector undertakings which are making profits should be privatised. Do you agree with this view? Why?
Do you think outsourcing is good for India? Why are developed countries opposing it?
Do you think the navaratna policy of the government helps in improving the performance of public sector undertakings in India? How?
What do you understand by devaluation of rupee?
Why are tariffs imposed?
Why has the industrial sector performed poorly in the reform period?
What was the focus of the economic policies pursued by the colonial government in India? What were the impacts of these policies?
What are the two major sources of human capital in a country?
What do you mean by rural development? Bring out the key issues in rural development.
Define a plan?
Who is a worker?
Explain the term ‘infrastructure’.
What is meant by environment?
Why are regional and economic groupings formed?
Why calorie-based norm is not adequate to identify the poor?
Name some notable economists who estimated India’s per capita income during the colonial period?
How does investment in human capital contribute to growth?
Why did India opt for planning?
Trace the relationship between human capital and economic growth.
What is the sectoral composition of an economy? Is it necessary that the service sector should contribute maximum to the GDP of an economy? Comment.
Why are regular salaried employees more in urban areas than in rural areas?
China’s rapid industrial growth can be traced back to its reforms in 1978. Do you agree? Elucidate.
Argue in favour of the need for different forms of government intervention in education and health sectors.
Education is considered to be an important input for the development of a nation. How?
Explain the steps taken by the government in developing rural markets.
Analyse the recent trends in sectoral distribution of workforce in India.