Define a plan?
A plan is a proposed list of goals that an economy wants to achieve within a specific period of time. It suggests the optimum ways to utilise the scarce available resources to achieve the enlisted goals. In India, planning is done for a period of five years, which is called a five year plan. Plans have both specific and general goals. Some of the common goals are economic growth, modernisation, self-reliance and equity. Plans lay down the basic framework over which the policies are designed. Often various goals are conflicting to each other, for example, modernisation reduces labour employment. So there is a need to maintain a balance among different goals.
Why was the public sector given a leading role in industrial development during the planning period?
Match the following:
1. Prime Minister 3. Quota 4. Land Reforms 5. HYV Seeds 6. Subsidy |
A. Seeds that give large proportion of output C. Chairperson of the planning commission D. The money value of all the final goods and services produced within the economy in one year. E. Improvements in the field of agriculture to increase its productivity F. The monetary assistance given by government for production activities. |
What is marketable surplus?
What is the Green Revolution? Why was it implemented and how did Does it benefit the farmers? Explain in brief.
Explain ‘growth with equity’ as a planning objective.
Why was it necessary for a developing country like India to follow self-reliance as a planning objective?
Why and how was the private sector regulated under the IPR 1956?
Why did India opt for planning?
Does modernisation as a planning objective create contradiction in the light of employment generation? Explain.
Why should plans have goals?
What was the focus of the economic policies pursued by the colonial government in India? What were the impacts of these policies?
What are the two major sources of human capital in a country?
What do you mean by rural development? Bring out the key issues in rural development.
Who is a worker?
Explain the term ‘infrastructure’.
What is meant by environment?
Why are regional and economic groupings formed?
Why were reforms introduced in India?
Why calorie-based norm is not adequate to identify the poor?
Name some notable economists who estimated India’s per capita income during the colonial period?
The three dimensional attack on poverty adopted by the govern-ment has not succeded in poverty alleviation in India. Comment.
Discuss the following as a source of human capital formation
(i) Health infrastructure
(ii) Expenditure on migration.
Critically evaluate the role of the rural banking system in the process of rural development in India.
What programmes has the government adopted to help the elderly people and poor and destitute women?
Explain the Great Leap Forward campaign of China as initiated in 1958.
Do you think outsourcing is good for India? Why are developed countries opposing it?
Outline the steps involved in attaining sustainable development in India.
Give reasons for the slow growth and re-emergence of poverty in Pakistan.
State any four pressing environmental concerns of India. Correction for environmental damages involves opportunity costs — explain.
What do you mean by transmission and distribution losses? How can they be reduced?