How is human development a broader term as compared to human capital?
Human development is a broader term as compared to human capital because human capital is a means to an end whereas human development is an end in itself. Human capital considers education and health as a means to make a human being a good productive person. Human capital is a means to an end, where means implies skills that are used in the process of production and end denotes the consequent increase in the productivity. The higher levels of output can be achieved through extensive application of human capital. On the other hand, human development is an end in itself which refers to the holistic development of the individuals. The development can be possible only by acquiring good education and attaining good health. Therefore, education and health are the two main features of human development. Human development occurs when majority of people in the economy are educated and healthy. Thus, the end signifies the development of an individual via education and health. Therefore, we can conclude that human development is a broader term as compared to human capital.
Discuss the need for promoting women’s education in India.
Trace the relationship between human capital and economic growth.
Discuss the following as a source of human capital formation
(i) Health infrastructure
(ii) Expenditure on migration.
‘There is a downward trend in inequality world-wide with a rise in the average education levels’. Comment.
What are the main problems of human capital formation in India?
Education is considered to be an important input for the development of a nation. How?
What are the indicators of educational achievement in a country?
What factors contribute to human capital formation?
Argue in favour of the need for different forms of government intervention in education and health sectors.
How government organisations facilitate the functioning of schools and hospitals in India?
What was the focus of the economic policies pursued by the colonial government in India? What were the impacts of these policies?
What do you mean by rural development? Bring out the key issues in rural development.
Define a plan?
Who is a worker?
Explain the term ‘infrastructure’.
What is meant by environment?
Why are regional and economic groupings formed?
Why were reforms introduced in India?
Why calorie-based norm is not adequate to identify the poor?
Name some notable economists who estimated India’s per capita income during the colonial period?
Do you think the navaratna policy of the government helps in improving the performance of public sector undertakings in India? How?
Explain how the opportunity costs of negative environmental impact are high.
The following table shows distribution of workforce in India for the year 1972-73. Analyse it and give reasons for the nature of workforce distribution. You will notice that the data is pertaining to the situation in India 30 years ago!
Place of Residence | Workforce (in millions) | ||
Male | Female | Total | |
Rural Urban |
125 32 |
69 7 |
195 39 |
Define worker-population ratio.
Describe the path of developmental initiatives taken by Pakistan for its economic development.
Why are less women found in regular salaried employment?
Why is it necessary to became a member of WTO?
The three dimensional attack on poverty adopted by the govern-ment has not succeded in poverty alleviation in India. Comment.
Why was it necessary for a developing country like India to follow self-reliance as a planning objective?
Match the following:
1. Prime Minister 3. Quota 4. Land Reforms 5. HYV Seeds 6. Subsidy |
A. Seeds that give large proportion of output C. Chairperson of the planning commission D. The money value of all the final goods and services produced within the economy in one year. E. Improvements in the field of agriculture to increase its productivity F. The monetary assistance given by government for production activities. |