Class 11 Economics - Indian Economic Development - Chapter Environment and Sustainable Development NCERT Solutions | Explain the supply-demand reversal of en

What are the functions of the environment?

Highlight any two serious adverse environmental consequences of development in India. India’s environmental problems pose a dichotomy — they are poverty induced and, at the same time, due to affluence in living standards — is this true?

What happens when the rate of resource extraction exceeds that of their regeneration?

India has abundant natural resources —substantiate the statement.

Give two instances of

(a) Overuse of environmental resources
(b) Misuse of environmental resources.

Is environmental crisis a recent phenomenon? If so, why?

Explain the relevance of intergenerational equity in the definition of sustainable development.

Identify six factors contributing to land degradation in India.

Two major environmental issues facing the world today are ____________ and _____________.

How do the following factors contribute to the environmental crisis in India? What problem do they pose for the government?

(i) Rising population
(ii) Air pollution
(iii) Water contamination
(iv) Affluent consumption standards
(v) Illiteracy
(vi) Industrialisation
(vii) Urbanisation
(viii) Reduction of forest coverage
(ix) Poaching
(x) Global warming

What was the focus of the economic policies pursued by the colonial government in India? What were the impacts of these policies?

What are the two major sources of human capital in a country?

What do you mean by rural development? Bring out the key issues in rural development.

Define a plan?

Who is a worker?

Explain the term ‘infrastructure’.

Why are regional and economic groupings formed?

Why were reforms introduced in India?

Why calorie-based norm is not adequate to identify the poor?

Name some notable economists who estimated India’s per capita income during the colonial period?

What is organic farming and how does it promote sustainable development?

 What was the two-fold motive behind the systematic de-industrialisation affected by the British in pre-independent India?

Do you think the navaratna policy of the government helps in improving the performance of public sector undertakings in India? How?

Explain the role of micro-credit in meeting credit requirements of the poor.

What is marketable surplus?

‘There is a downward trend in inequality world-wide with a rise in the average education levels’. Comment.

Distinguish between the following

(i) Strategic and Minority sale
(ii) Bilateral and Multi-lateral trade
(iii) Tariff and Non-tariff barriers.

What is the state of rural infrastructure in India?

What is meant by ‘Food for Work’ programme?

The three dimensional attack on poverty adopted by the govern-ment has not succeded in poverty alleviation in India. Comment.