Class 11 Economics - Indian Economic Development - Chapter Environment and Sustainable Development NCERT Solutions | Explain the supply-demand reversal of en

What are the functions of the environment?

Highlight any two serious adverse environmental consequences of development in India. India’s environmental problems pose a dichotomy — they are poverty induced and, at the same time, due to affluence in living standards — is this true?

What happens when the rate of resource extraction exceeds that of their regeneration?

India has abundant natural resources —substantiate the statement.

Give two instances of

(a) Overuse of environmental resources
(b) Misuse of environmental resources.

Is environmental crisis a recent phenomenon? If so, why?

Identify six factors contributing to land degradation in India.

How do the following factors contribute to the environmental crisis in India? What problem do they pose for the government?

(i) Rising population
(ii) Air pollution
(iii) Water contamination
(iv) Affluent consumption standards
(v) Illiteracy
(vi) Industrialisation
(vii) Urbanisation
(viii) Reduction of forest coverage
(ix) Poaching
(x) Global warming

Explain how the opportunity costs of negative environmental impact are high.

Explain the relevance of intergenerational equity in the definition of sustainable development.

What was the focus of the economic policies pursued by the colonial government in India? What were the impacts of these policies?

What are the two major sources of human capital in a country?

What do you mean by rural development? Bring out the key issues in rural development.

Define a plan?

Who is a worker?

Explain the term ‘infrastructure’.

Why are regional and economic groupings formed?

Why were reforms introduced in India?

Why calorie-based norm is not adequate to identify the poor?

Name some notable economists who estimated India’s per capita income during the colonial period?

What is the significance of ‘energy’? Differentiate between commercial and non-commercial sources of energy.

What do you mean by transmission and distribution losses? How can they be reduced?

What problems are being faced by the power sector in India?

Illustrate the difference between rural and urban poverty. Is it correct to say that poverty has shifted from rural to urban areas? Use the trends in poverty ratio to support your answer.

What do you understand by devaluation of rupee?

How government organisations facilitate the functioning of schools and hospitals in India?

How can we increase the effectiveness of health care programmes?

Why are less women found in regular salaried employment?

Is it necessary to generate employment in the formal sector rather than in the informal sector? Why?

Raj is going to school. When he is not in school, you will find him working in his farm. Can you consider him as a worker? Why?