Class 11 Economics - Indian Economic Development - Chapter Environment and Sustainable Development NCERT Solutions | Explain the supply-demand reversal of en

What are the functions of the environment?

Highlight any two serious adverse environmental consequences of development in India. India’s environmental problems pose a dichotomy — they are poverty induced and, at the same time, due to affluence in living standards — is this true?

What happens when the rate of resource extraction exceeds that of their regeneration?

India has abundant natural resources —substantiate the statement.

Give two instances of

(a) Overuse of environmental resources
(b) Misuse of environmental resources.

Is environmental crisis a recent phenomenon? If so, why?

Explain the relevance of intergenerational equity in the definition of sustainable development.

Identify six factors contributing to land degradation in India.

Two major environmental issues facing the world today are ____________ and _____________.

How do the following factors contribute to the environmental crisis in India? What problem do they pose for the government?

(i) Rising population
(ii) Air pollution
(iii) Water contamination
(iv) Affluent consumption standards
(v) Illiteracy
(vi) Industrialisation
(vii) Urbanisation
(viii) Reduction of forest coverage
(ix) Poaching
(x) Global warming

What was the focus of the economic policies pursued by the colonial government in India? What were the impacts of these policies?

What are the two major sources of human capital in a country?

What do you mean by rural development? Bring out the key issues in rural development.

Define a plan?

Who is a worker?

Explain the term ‘infrastructure’.

Why are regional and economic groupings formed?

Why were reforms introduced in India?

Why calorie-based norm is not adequate to identify the poor?

Name some notable economists who estimated India’s per capita income during the colonial period?

Identify the benefits and limitations of organic farming.

Why, despite the implementation of the green revolution, 65 percent of our population continued to be engaged in the agriculture sector till 1990?

Explain the need and type of land reforms implemented in the agriculture sector.

What do you mean by agricultural marketing?

Though the public sector is very essential for industries, many public sector undertakings incur huge losses and are a drain on the economy’s resources. Discuss the usefulness of public sector undertakings in the light of this fact.

Why should plans have goals?

The three dimensional attack on poverty adopted by the govern-ment has not succeded in poverty alleviation in India. Comment.

Why are regular salaried employees more in urban areas than in rural areas?

The traditional handicrafts industries were ruined under the British rule. Do you agree with this view? Give reasons in support of your answer.

 Indicate the volume and direction of trade at the time of independence.