Give two instances of
(a) Overuse of environmental resources
(b) Misuse of environmental resources.
(a) Overuse of environmental resources
i). Drying up of Rivers: The increasing irrigation and construction of flood storage reservoirs are resulting in the drying up of rivers.
ii). Excessive Deforestation: The growing population and their ever growing demand are resulting in large scale deforestation. This leads to soil erosion, making the soil infertile.
(b) Misuse of environmental resources.
i). Use of Rivers to Discharge the Waste: Water is essential for life. The misuse of water as a resource is responsible for its pollution and contamination. The factors responsible for water pollution are the discharge of domestic sewerage, industrial waste, and thermal power plants into the rivers.
ii). Use of Wood for Cooking Food: Wood is a non-renewable source of energy. It is obtained from trees. Using wood instead of eco friendly alternative fuels for cooking purposes brings about deforestation.
What are the functions of the environment?
Highlight any two serious adverse environmental consequences of development in India. India’s environmental problems pose a dichotomy — they are poverty induced and, at the same time, due to affluence in living standards — is this true?
Explain the supply-demand reversal of environmental resources.
What happens when the rate of resource extraction exceeds that of their regeneration?
India has abundant natural resources —substantiate the statement.
Is environmental crisis a recent phenomenon? If so, why?
Explain the relevance of intergenerational equity in the definition of sustainable development.
Identify six factors contributing to land degradation in India.
Two major environmental issues facing the world today are ____________ and _____________.
How do the following factors contribute to the environmental crisis in India? What problem do they pose for the government?
(i) Rising population
(ii) Air pollution
(iii) Water contamination
(iv) Affluent consumption standards
(v) Illiteracy
(vi) Industrialisation
(vii) Urbanisation
(viii) Reduction of forest coverage
(ix) Poaching
(x) Global warming
What was the focus of the economic policies pursued by the colonial government in India? What were the impacts of these policies?
What are the two major sources of human capital in a country?
What do you mean by rural development? Bring out the key issues in rural development.
Define a plan?
Who is a worker?
Explain the term ‘infrastructure’.
Why are regional and economic groupings formed?
Why were reforms introduced in India?
Why calorie-based norm is not adequate to identify the poor?
Name some notable economists who estimated India’s per capita income during the colonial period?
Group the following features pertaining to the economies of India, China and Pakistan under three heads
• One-child norm
• Low fertility rate
• High degree of urbanisation
• Mixed economy
• Very high fertility rate
• Large population
• High density of population
• Growth due to manufacturing sector
• Growth due to service sector.
What objectives did the British intend to achieve through their policies of infrastructure development in India?
Why are less women found in regular salaried employment?
An establishment with four hired workers is known as (formal/informal) sector establishment.
Give reasons for the slow growth and re-emergence of poverty in Pakistan.
Explain the role of non-farm employment in promoting rural diversification.
What is the Green Revolution? Why was it implemented and how did Does it benefit the farmers? Explain in brief.
Comment on the growth rate trends witnessed in China and India in the last two decades.
Why are regular salaried employees more in urban areas than in rural areas?
Discuss the following as a source of human capital formation
(i) Health infrastructure
(ii) Expenditure on migration.