Class 11 Economics - Indian Economic Development - Chapter Environment and Sustainable Development NCERT Solutions | India has abundant natural resources &md

What are the functions of the environment?

Highlight any two serious adverse environmental consequences of development in India. India’s environmental problems pose a dichotomy — they are poverty induced and, at the same time, due to affluence in living standards — is this true?

Explain the supply-demand reversal of environmental resources.

What happens when the rate of resource extraction exceeds that of their regeneration?

Give two instances of

(a) Overuse of environmental resources
(b) Misuse of environmental resources.

Is environmental crisis a recent phenomenon? If so, why?

Identify six factors contributing to land degradation in India.

Explain the relevance of intergenerational equity in the definition of sustainable development.

Two major environmental issues facing the world today are ____________ and _____________.

How do the following factors contribute to the environmental crisis in India? What problem do they pose for the government?

(i) Rising population
(ii) Air pollution
(iii) Water contamination
(iv) Affluent consumption standards
(v) Illiteracy
(vi) Industrialisation
(vii) Urbanisation
(viii) Reduction of forest coverage
(ix) Poaching
(x) Global warming

What was the focus of the economic policies pursued by the colonial government in India? What were the impacts of these policies?

What are the two major sources of human capital in a country?

What do you mean by rural development? Bring out the key issues in rural development.

Define a plan?

Who is a worker?

Explain the term ‘infrastructure’.

Why are regional and economic groupings formed?

Why were reforms introduced in India?

Why calorie-based norm is not adequate to identify the poor?

Name some notable economists who estimated India’s per capita income during the colonial period?

Fill in the blanks

(a) First Five Year Plan of ________________ commenced in the year 1956. (Pakistan/China)
(b) Maternal mortality rate is high in _____________. (China/Pakistan)
(c) Proportion of people below poverty line is more in __________. (India/Pakistan)
(d) Reforms in ______________ were introduced in 1978. (China/Pakistan)

Were there any positive contributions made by the British in India? Discuss.

What was the focus of the economic policies pursued by the colonial government in India? What were the impacts of these policies?

Evaluate the various factors that led to the rapid growth in economic development in China.

What were the main causes of India’s agricultural stagnation during the colonial period?

Explain how investment in education stimulates economic growth.

Critically evaluate the role of the rural banking system in the process of rural development in India.

Meena is a housewife. Besides taking care of household chores, she works in the cloth shop which is owned and operated by her husband. Can she be considered as a worker? Why?

Distinguish between ‘Green Revolution’ and ‘Golden Revolution’.

Do you think that in the last 50 years, employment generated in the country is commensurate with the growth of GDP in India? How?