Explain the Great Leap Forward campaign of China as initiated in 1958.
The Great Leap Forward (GLF) was a campaign initiated in 1958 in China. The aims of this campaign are as follows:
1. The aim of the campaign was to initiate large scale industrialisation in the country concentrating not only in the urban areas but also in the rural ones.
2. The people in the urban areas were motivated to set up industries in their backyards.
3. In the rural areas, the Commune System was implemented. Under this system, people were engaged in collective farming.
Compare and contrast the development of India, China and Pakistan with respect to some salient human development indicators.
Define the liberty indicator. Give some examples of liberty indicators.
Why are regional and economic groupings formed?
What are the various means by which countries are trying to strengthen their own domestic economies?
Comment on the growth rate trends witnessed in China and India in the last two decades.
Group the following features pertaining to the economies of India, China and Pakistan under three heads
• One-child norm
• Low fertility rate
• High degree of urbanisation
• Mixed economy
• Very high fertility rate
• Large population
• High density of population
• Growth due to manufacturing sector
• Growth due to service sector.
Give reasons for the slow growth and re-emergence of poverty in Pakistan.
What similar developmental strategies have India and Pakistan followed for their respective developmental paths?
Mention the salient demographic indicators of China, Pakistan and India.
Fill in the blanks
(a) First Five Year Plan of ________________ commenced in the year 1956. (Pakistan/China)
(b) Maternal mortality rate is high in _____________. (China/Pakistan)
(c) Proportion of people below poverty line is more in __________. (India/Pakistan)
(d) Reforms in ______________ were introduced in 1978. (China/Pakistan)
What was the focus of the economic policies pursued by the colonial government in India? What were the impacts of these policies?
What are the two major sources of human capital in a country?
What do you mean by rural development? Bring out the key issues in rural development.
Define a plan?
Who is a worker?
Explain the term ‘infrastructure’.
What is meant by environment?
Why were reforms introduced in India?
Why calorie-based norm is not adequate to identify the poor?
Name some notable economists who estimated India’s per capita income during the colonial period?
What is meant by ‘Food for Work’ programme?
What is the state of rural infrastructure in India?
Were there any positive contributions made by the British in India? Discuss.
Name some notable economists who estimated India’s per capita income during the colonial period?
Identify six factors contributing to land degradation in India.
What is a ‘global burden of disease’?
Analyse the recent trends in sectoral distribution of workforce in India.
Why are employment generation programmes important in poverty alleviation in India?
What were the main causes of India’s agricultural stagnation during the colonial period?
Why was it necessary for a developing country like India to follow self-reliance as a planning objective?