Class 11 Economics - Indian Economic Development - Chapter Comparative Development Experiences of India and Its Neighbours NCERT Solutions | Explain the Great Leap Forward campaign

Compare and contrast the development of India, China and Pakistan with respect to some salient human development indicators.

Define the liberty indicator. Give some examples of liberty indicators.

Why are regional and economic groupings formed?

What are the various means by which countries are trying to strengthen their own domestic economies?

Group the following features pertaining to the economies of India, China and Pakistan under three heads

• One-child norm
• Low fertility rate
• High degree of urbanisation
• Mixed economy
• Very high fertility rate
• Large population
• High density of population
• Growth due to manufacturing sector
• Growth due to service sector.

Comment on the growth rate trends witnessed in China and India in the last two decades.

Give reasons for the slow growth and re-emergence of poverty in Pakistan.

What similar developmental strategies have India and Pakistan followed for their respective developmental paths?

Fill in the blanks

(a) First Five Year Plan of ________________ commenced in the year 1956. (Pakistan/China)
(b) Maternal mortality rate is high in _____________. (China/Pakistan)
(c) Proportion of people below poverty line is more in __________. (India/Pakistan)
(d) Reforms in ______________ were introduced in 1978. (China/Pakistan)

Mention the salient demographic indicators of China, Pakistan and India.

What was the focus of the economic policies pursued by the colonial government in India? What were the impacts of these policies?

What are the two major sources of human capital in a country?

What do you mean by rural development? Bring out the key issues in rural development.

Define a plan?

Who is a worker?

Explain the term ‘infrastructure’.

What is meant by environment?

Why were reforms introduced in India?

Why calorie-based norm is not adequate to identify the poor?

Name some notable economists who estimated India’s per capita income during the colonial period?

What are the indicators of educational achievement in a country?

Illustrate the difference between rural and urban poverty. Is it correct to say that poverty has shifted from rural to urban areas? Use the trends in poverty ratio to support your answer.

What is meant by ‘Food for Work’ programme?

The traditional handicrafts industries were ruined under the British rule. Do you agree with this view? Give reasons in support of your answer.

Highlight any two serious adverse environmental consequences of development in India. India’s environmental problems pose a dichotomy — they are poverty induced and, at the same time, due to affluence in living standards — is this true?

What do you mean by transmission and distribution losses? How can they be reduced?

You are residing in a village. If you are asked to advice the village panchayat, what kinds of activities would you suggest for the improvement of your village which would also generate employment.

Why was the public sector given a leading role in industrial development during the planning period?

Define a plan?

Suppose you are from a poor family and you wish to get help from the government to set up a petty shop. Under which scheme will you apply for assistance and why?