Class 11 Economics - Indian Economic Development - Chapter Comparative Development Experiences of India and Its Neighbours NCERT Solutions | Why are regional and economic groupings

Compare and contrast the development of India, China and Pakistan with respect to some salient human development indicators.

Define the liberty indicator. Give some examples of liberty indicators.

What are the various means by which countries are trying to strengthen their own domestic economies?

Explain the Great Leap Forward campaign of China as initiated in 1958.

Comment on the growth rate trends witnessed in China and India in the last two decades.

Group the following features pertaining to the economies of India, China and Pakistan under three heads

• One-child norm
• Low fertility rate
• High degree of urbanisation
• Mixed economy
• Very high fertility rate
• Large population
• High density of population
• Growth due to manufacturing sector
• Growth due to service sector.

Give reasons for the slow growth and re-emergence of poverty in Pakistan.

What similar developmental strategies have India and Pakistan followed for their respective developmental paths?

Fill in the blanks

(a) First Five Year Plan of ________________ commenced in the year 1956. (Pakistan/China)
(b) Maternal mortality rate is high in _____________. (China/Pakistan)
(c) Proportion of people below poverty line is more in __________. (India/Pakistan)
(d) Reforms in ______________ were introduced in 1978. (China/Pakistan)

Compare and contrast India and China’s sectoral contribution towards GDP in 2003. What does it indicate?

What was the focus of the economic policies pursued by the colonial government in India? What were the impacts of these policies?

What are the two major sources of human capital in a country?

What do you mean by rural development? Bring out the key issues in rural development.

Define a plan?

Who is a worker?

Explain the term ‘infrastructure’.

What is meant by environment?

Why were reforms introduced in India?

Why calorie-based norm is not adequate to identify the poor?

Name some notable economists who estimated India’s per capita income during the colonial period?

What are High Yielding Variety (HYV) seeds?

Explain how the opportunity costs of negative environmental impact are high.

Illustrate the difference between rural and urban poverty. Is it correct to say that poverty has shifted from rural to urban areas? Use the trends in poverty ratio to support your answer.

The traditional handicrafts industries were ruined under the British rule. Do you agree with this view? Give reasons in support of your answer.

 What was the two-fold motive behind the systematic de-industrialisation affected by the British in pre-independent India?

Argue in favour of the need for different forms of government intervention in education and health sectors.

What is the sectoral composition of an economy? Is it necessary that the service sector should contribute maximum to the GDP of an economy? Comment.

Though the public sector is very essential for industries, many public sector undertakings incur huge losses and are a drain on the economy’s resources. Discuss the usefulness of public sector undertakings in the light of this fact.

Analyse the recent trends in sectoral distribution of workforce in India.

What is meant by ‘Food for Work’ programme?