Class 11 Economics - Indian Economic Development - Chapter Comparative Development Experiences of India and Its Neighbours NCERT Solutions | Why are regional and economic groupings

Compare and contrast the development of India, China and Pakistan with respect to some salient human development indicators.

Define the liberty indicator. Give some examples of liberty indicators.

Explain the Great Leap Forward campaign of China as initiated in 1958.

What are the various means by which countries are trying to strengthen their own domestic economies?

Group the following features pertaining to the economies of India, China and Pakistan under three heads

• One-child norm
• Low fertility rate
• High degree of urbanisation
• Mixed economy
• Very high fertility rate
• Large population
• High density of population
• Growth due to manufacturing sector
• Growth due to service sector.

Comment on the growth rate trends witnessed in China and India in the last two decades.

Give reasons for the slow growth and re-emergence of poverty in Pakistan.

What similar developmental strategies have India and Pakistan followed for their respective developmental paths?

Fill in the blanks

(a) First Five Year Plan of ________________ commenced in the year 1956. (Pakistan/China)
(b) Maternal mortality rate is high in _____________. (China/Pakistan)
(c) Proportion of people below poverty line is more in __________. (India/Pakistan)
(d) Reforms in ______________ were introduced in 1978. (China/Pakistan)

Mention the salient demographic indicators of China, Pakistan and India.

What was the focus of the economic policies pursued by the colonial government in India? What were the impacts of these policies?

What are the two major sources of human capital in a country?

What do you mean by rural development? Bring out the key issues in rural development.

Define a plan?

Who is a worker?

Explain the term ‘infrastructure’.

What is meant by environment?

Why were reforms introduced in India?

Why calorie-based norm is not adequate to identify the poor?

Name some notable economists who estimated India’s per capita income during the colonial period?

Suppose you are a resident of a village, suggest a few measures to tackle the problem of poverty.

What is marketable surplus?

What were the main causes of India’s agricultural stagnation during the colonial period?

Do you think various measures taken by the government to improve agricultural marketing are sufficient? Discuss.

Why, despite the implementation of the green revolution, 65 percent of our population continued to be engaged in the agriculture sector till 1990?

Compared to urban women, more rural women are found working. Why?

Distinguish between the following

(i) Strategic and Minority sale
(ii) Bilateral and Multi-lateral trade
(iii) Tariff and Non-tariff barriers.

What programmes has the government adopted to help the elderly people and poor and destitute women?

What is the state of rural infrastructure in India?

While subsidies encourage farmers to use new technology, they are a huge burden on government finances. Discuss the usefulness of subsidies in the light of this fact.