Class 11 Chemistry - Chapter Thermodynamics NCERT Solutions | Choose the correct answer. A thermodynam

In a process, 701 J of heat is absorbed by a system and 394 J ofwork is done by the system. What is the change in internal energy for the process?

For the reaction, 2Cl_(g) → Cl_2(g),what are the signs of ΔH and ΔS ?

For the reaction at 298 K,

2A + B → C

ΔH = 400 kJ mol^-1and ΔS = 0.2 kJ K^-1mol^-1

At what temperature will the reaction become spontaneous considering ΔH and ΔS to be constant over the temperature range?

A reaction, A + B → C + D + q is found to have a positive entropy change. The reaction will be

(i) possible at high temperature

(ii) possible only at low temperature

(iii) not possible at any temperature

(iv) possible at any temperature

The equilibrium constant for a reaction is 10. What will be the value of ΔG⁰ ?  R = 8.314 JK^–1 mol^–1, T = 300 K.

The enthalpy of combustion of methane, graphite and dihydrogen at 298 K are, –890.3 kJ mol^–1  , –393.5 kJ mol^–1, and –285.8 kJ mol^–1 respectively. Enthalpy of formation of CH₄(g) will be

(i) –74.8 kJ mol^–1

(ii) –52.27 kJ mol^–1

(iii) +74.8 kJ mol^–1

(iv) +52.26 kJ mol^–1

Calculate the enthalpy change on freezing of 1.0 mol of water at 10.0°C to ice at -10.0°C. Δ_fusH = 6.03 kJ mol^-1 at 0°C.

C_p[H₂O(l)] = 75.3 J mol^-1 K^-1

C_p[H₂O(s)] = 36.8 J mol^-1 K^-1

For an isolated system, ΔU = 0, what will be ΔS?

Calculate the enthalpy change for the process

CCl₄(g) → C(g) + 4 Cl(g)

and calculate bond enthalpy of C – Cl in CCl₄(g).

Δ_vapH⁰(CCl₄) = 30.5 kJ mol^–1.

Δ_fH⁰ (CCl₄) = –135.5 kJ mol^–1.

Δ_aH⁰ (C) = 715.0 kJ mol^–1 , where Δ_aH⁰ is enthalpy of atomisation

Δ_aH⁰ (Cl₂) = 242 kJ mol^–1

Enthalpies of formation of CO(g), CO₂(g), N₂O(g) and N₂O₄(g) are –110, – 393, 81 and 9.7 kJ mol–1 respectively. Find the value of Δ_rH for the reaction:

N₂O₄(g) + 3CO(g) → N₂O(g) + 3CO₂(g)

How do you account for the formation of ethane during chlorination of methane?

What are hybridisation states of each carbon atom in the following compounds ?

(i) CH₂=C=O,

(ii) CH₃CH=CH₂,

(iii) (CH₃)₂CO,

(iv) CH₂=CHCN,

(v) C₆H₆

What will be the minimum pressure required to compress 500 dm³ of air at 1 bar to 200 dm³ at 30°C?

What are the common physical and chemical features of alkali metals?

Calculate the molecular mass of the following:
(i) H₂O
(ii) CO₂
(iii) CH₄

Assign oxidation number to the underlined elements in each of the following species:

(a) NaH₂PO₄

(b) NaHSO₄

(c) H₄P₂O₇

(d) K₂MnO₄

(e) CaO₂

(f) NaBH₄

(g) H₂S₂O₇

(h) KAl(SO₄)₂.12 H₂O

What is the basic theme of organisation in the periodic table?

Explain the formation of a chemical bond.

A liquid is in equilibrium with its vapour in a sealed container at a fixed temperature. The volume of the container is suddenly increased.
a) What is the initial effect of the change on vapour pressure?
b) How do rates of evaporation and condensation change initially?
c) What happens when equilibrium is restored finally and what will be the final vapour pressure?

Justify the position of hydrogen in the periodic table on the basis of its electronic configuration.

The quantum numbers of six electrons are given below. Arrange them in order of increasing energies. If any of these combination(s) has/have the same energy lists:

1. n = 4, l = 2, ml = –2 , ms = –1/2

2. n = 3, l = 2, ml= 1 , ms = +1/2

3. n = 4, l = 1, ml = 0 , ms = +1/2

4. n = 3, l = 2, ml = –2 , ms = –1/2

5. n = 3, l = 1, ml = –1 , ms= +1/2

6. n = 4, l = 1, ml = 0 , ms = +1/2

Discuss the pattern of variation in the oxidation states of
(i) B to Tl and (ii) C to Pb.

Emission transitions in the Paschen series end at orbit n = 3 and start from orbit n and can be represented as v = 3.29 × 10¹⁵ (Hz) [1/3² – 1/n²]

Calculate the value of n if the transition is observed at 1285 nm. Find the region of the spectrum.

The compound AgF₂ is an unstable compound. However, if formed, the compound acts as a very strong oxidizing agent. Why?

Explain tropospheric pollution in 100 words.

If the speed of light is 3.0 × 10⁸ ms^–1, calculate the distance covered by light in 2.00 ns.

A photon of wavelength 4 × 10^–7 m strikes on metal surface, the work function of the metal being 2.13 eV. Calculate

(i) the energy of the photon (eV),

(ii) the kinetic energy of the emission, and

(iii) the velocity of the photoelectron (1 eV= 1.6020 × 10^–19 J).

Suggest reasons why the B-F bond lengths in BF₃ (130 pm) and BF^-₄(143 pm) differ.

The bromine atom possesses 35 electrons. It contains 6 electrons in 2p orbital, 6 electrons in 3p orbital and 5 electrons in 4p orbital. Which of these electron experiences the lowest effective nuclear charge?

The velocity associated with a proton moving in a potential difference of 1000 V is 4.37 × 10⁵ ms^–1. If the hockey ball of mass 0.1 kg is moving with this velocity, calculate the wavelength associated with this velocity.