Class 11 Chemistry - Chapter Hydrocarbons NCERT Solutions | Write IUPAC names of the products obtain

Addition of HBr to propene yields 2-bromopropane, while in the presence of benzoyl peroxide, the same reaction yields 1-bromopropane. Explain and give mechanism.

An alkene 'A' on ozonolysis gives a mixture of ethanal and pentan-3-one. Write structure and IUPAC name of 'A'.

How would you convert the following compounds into benzene?

(i) Ethyne         (ii) Ethene          (iii) Hexane

Why does benzene undergo electrophilic substitution reactions easily and nucleophilic substitutions with difficulty?

Arrange benzene, n-hexane and ethyne in decreasing order of acidic behaviour. Also give reason for this behaviour.

Explain why the following systems are not aromatic?

Why is Wurtz reaction not preferred for the preparation of alkanes containing odd number of carbon atoms? Illustrate your answer by taking one example.

Arrange the following set of compounds in order of their decreasing relative reactivity with an electrophile, E⁺

(a) Chlorobenzene, 2,4-dinitrochlorobenzene, p-nitrochlorobenzene

(b) Toluene, p-H₃C-C₆H₄-NO₂, p-O₂N-C₆H₄-NO₂.

How do you account for the formation of ethane during chlorination of methane?

What are the necessary conditions for any system to be aromatic?

What are hybridisation states of each carbon atom in the following compounds ?

(i) CH₂=C=O,

(ii) CH₃CH=CH₂,

(iii) (CH₃)₂CO,

(iv) CH₂=CHCN,

(v) C₆H₆

What will be the minimum pressure required to compress 500 dm³ of air at 1 bar to 200 dm³ at 30°C?

What are the common physical and chemical features of alkali metals?

Calculate the molecular mass of the following:
(i) H₂O
(ii) CO₂
(iii) CH₄

Assign oxidation number to the underlined elements in each of the following species:

(a) NaH₂PO₄

(b) NaHSO₄

(c) H₄P₂O₇

(d) K₂MnO₄

(e) CaO₂

(f) NaBH₄

(g) H₂S₂O₇

(h) KAl(SO₄)₂.12 H₂O

What is the basic theme of organisation in the periodic table?

Explain the formation of a chemical bond.

Choose the correct answer. A thermodynamic state function is a quantity
(i) used to determine heat changes
(ii) whose value is independent of path
(iii) used to determine pressure volume work
(iv) whose value depends on temperature only.

A liquid is in equilibrium with its vapour in a sealed container at a fixed temperature. The volume of the container is suddenly increased.
a) What is the initial effect of the change on vapour pressure?
b) How do rates of evaporation and condensation change initially?
c) What happens when equilibrium is restored finally and what will be the final vapour pressure?

Justify the position of hydrogen in the periodic table on the basis of its electronic configuration.

The size of isoelectronic species — F^–, Ne and Na⁺ is affected by

(a) Nuclear charge (Z )

(b) Valence principal quantum number (n)

(c) Electron-electron interaction in the outer orbitals

(d) None of the factors because their size is the same.

How many significant figures are present in the following?
(i) 0.0025
(ii) 208
(iii) 5005
(iv) 126,000
(v) 500.0
(vi) 2.0034

Write the resonance structures of CO^2-₃ and HCO^-₃.

34.05 mL of phosphorus vapour weighs 0.0625 g at 546 °C and 0.1 bar pressure. What is the molar mass of phosphorus?

Does the number of moles of reaction products increase, decrease or remain same when each of the following equilibria is subjected to a decrease in pressure by increasing the volume?

(a) PCl₅ (g) ↔ PCl₃ (g) + Cl₂ (g)

(b) CaO (s) + CO₂ (g) ↔ CaCO₃ (s)

(c) 3Fe (s) + 4H₂O (g) ↔ Fe₃O₄ (s) + 4H₂ (g)

Identify the substance oxidised, reduced, oxidising agent and reducing agent for each of the following reactions:

(a) 2AgBr _(s) + C₆H₆O_2(aq) → 2Ag_(s) + 2HBr _(aq) + C₆H₄O_2(aq)

(b) HCHO_(l) + 2[Ag (NH₃)₂]⁺_(aq) + 3OH^-_(aq) → 2Ag_(s) + HCOO^-_(aq) + 4NH_3(aq) + 2H₂O_(l)

(c) HCHO _(l) + 2Cu²⁺_(aq) + 5 OH^-_(aq) → Cu₂O_(s) + HCOO^-_(aq) + 3H₂O_(l)

(d) N₂H_4(l) + 2H₂O_2(l) → N_2(g) + 4H₂O_(l)

(e) Pb_(s) + PbO_2(s) + 2H₂SO_4(aq) → 2PbSO_4(s) + 2H₂O_(l)

Calculate the standard enthalpy of formation of CH₃OH(l) from the following data:

CH₃OH (l) + 3/2 O₂(g) → CO₂(g) + 2H₂O(l) ;   Δ_rH⁰  = –726 kJ mol^–1

C(g) + O₂(g) → CO₂(g) ;    Δ_cH⁰ = –393 kJ mol^–1

H₂(g) + 1/2 O₂(g) → H₂O(l) ;    Δ_fH⁰ = –286 kJ mol^–1.

What is the number of photons of light with a wavelength of 4000 pm that provide 1 J of energy?

Ionic product of water at 310 K is 2.7 x 10^-14. What is the pH of neutral water at this temperature?

Explain the terms Inductive and Electromeric effects. Which electron displacement effect explains the following correct orders of acidity of the carboxylic acids?

(a) Cl₃CCOOH > Cl₂CHCOOH > ClCH₂COOH

(b) CH₃CH₂COOH > (CH₃)₂CHCOOH > (CH₃)₃C.COOH