Kp = 0.04 atm at 899 K for the equilibrium shown below. What is the equilibrium concentration of C2H6 when it is placed in a flask at 4.0 atm pressure and allowed to come to equilibrium?
C2H6 (g) ↔ C2H4 (g) + H2 (g)
Let p be the pressure exerted by ethene and hydrogen gas (each) at equilibrium.
Now, according to the reaction,
C2H6 (g) ↔ C2H4 (g) + H2 (g)
Initial conc. 4.0atm 0 0
At equilibrium 4.0-p p p
We can write,
Hence, at equilibrium,
C2H6 - 4 - p = 4 -.038
= 3.62 atm
Assuming complete dissociation, calculate the pH of the following solutions:
(a) 0.003 M HCl
(b) 0.005 M NaOH
(c) 0.002 M HBr
(d) 0.002 M KOH
A liquid is in equilibrium with its vapour in a sealed container at a fixed temperature. The volume of the container is suddenly increased.
a) What is the initial effect of the change on vapour pressure?
b) How do rates of evaporation and condensation change initially?
c) What happens when equilibrium is restored finally and what will be the final vapour pressure?
The pH of a sample of vinegar is 3.76. Calculate the concentration of hydrogen ion in it.
The ionization constant of acetic acid is 1.74 x 10-5. Calculate the degree of dissociation of acetic acid in its 0.05 M solution. Calculate the concentration of acetate ion in the solution and its pH.
Dihydrogen gas is obtained from natural gas by partial oxidation with steam as per following endothermic reaction:
CH4 (g) + H2O (g) ↔ CO (g) + 3H2 (g)
(a) Write as expression for Kp for the above reaction.
(b) How will the values of Kp and composition of equilibrium mixture be affected by
(i) increasing the pressure
(ii) increasing the temperature
(iii) using a catalyst ?
At 700 K, equilibrium constant for the reaction:
H2 (g) + I2 (g) ↔ 2HI (g)
is 54.8. If 0.5 mol L–1 of HI(g) is present at equilibrium at 700 K, what are the concentration of H2(g) and I2(g) assuming that we initially started with HI(g) and allowed it to reach equilibrium at 700K?
At 473 K, equilibrium constant Kc for decomposition of phosphorus pentachloride, PCl5 is 8.3 ×10-3. If decomposition is depicted as,
PCl5 (g) ↔ PCl3 (g) + Cl2 (g) ΔrH0 = 124.0 kJ mol–1
(a) write an expression for Kc for the reaction.
(b) what is the value of Kc for the reverse reaction at the same temperature ?
(c) what would be the effect on Kc if (i) more PCl5 is added (ii) pressure is increased (iii) the temperature is increased ?
Find out the value of Kc for each of the following equilibria from the value of Kp:
(i) 2NOCl (g) ↔ 2NO (g) + Cl2 (g); Kp = 1.8 × 10–2 at 500 K
(ii) CaCO3 (s) ↔ CaO(s) + CO2(g); Kp = 167 at 1073 K
Ionic product of water at 310 K is 2.7 x 10-14. What is the pH of neutral water at this temperature?
Reaction between N2 and O2– takes place as follows:
2N2 (g) + O2 (g) ↔ 2N2O (g)
If a mixture of 0.482 mol N2 and 0.933 mol of O2 is placed in a 10 L reaction vessel and allowed to form N2O at a temperature for which Kc = 2.0 × 10–37, determine the composition of equilibrium mixture.
How do you account for the formation of ethane during chlorination of methane?
What are hybridisation states of each carbon atom in the following compounds ?
(i) CH2=C=O,
(ii) CH3CH=CH2,
(iii) (CH3)2CO,
(iv) CH2=CHCN,
(v) C6H6
What will be the minimum pressure required to compress 500 dm3 of air at 1 bar to 200 dm3 at 30°C?
What are the common physical and chemical features of alkali metals?
Calculate the molecular mass of the following:
(i) H2O
(ii) CO2
(iii) CH4
Assign oxidation number to the underlined elements in each of the following species:
(a) NaH2PO4
(b) NaHSO4
(c) H4P2O7
(d) K2MnO4
(e) CaO2
(f) NaBH4
(g) H2S2O7
(h) KAl(SO4)2.12 H2O
What is the basic theme of organisation in the periodic table?
Explain the formation of a chemical bond.
Choose the correct answer. A thermodynamic state function is a quantity
(i) used to determine heat changes
(ii) whose value is independent of path
(iii) used to determine pressure volume work
(iv) whose value depends on temperature only.
Justify the position of hydrogen in the periodic table on the basis of its electronic configuration.
Yellow light emitted from a sodium lamp has a wavelength (λ) of 580 nm. Calculate the frequency (ν) and wave number () of the yellow light.
Why are alkali metals not found in nature?
Give the number of electrons in the species , H2 and
How will you convert benzene into
(i) p - nitrobromobenzene
(ii) m - nitrochlorobenzene
(iii) p - nitrotoluene
(iv) acetophenone?
How does atomic radius vary in a period and in a group? How do you explain the variation?
Given the standard electrode potentials,
K+/K = -2.93V, Ag+/Ag = 0.80V,
Hg2+/ Hg = 0.79V
Mg2+/ Mg = -2.37V. Cr3+/ Cr = -0.74V
Arrange these metals in their increasing order of reducing power.
What do you expect the nature of hydrides is, if formed by elements of atomic numbers 15, 19, 23 and 44 with dihydrogen? Compare their behaviour towards water.
Pay load is defined as the difference between the mass of displaced air and the mass of the balloon. Calculate the pay load when a balloon of radius 10 m, mass 100 kg is filled with helium at 1.66 bar at 27°C. (Density of air = 1.2 kg m–3 and R = 0.083 bar dm3 K–1 mol–1).
In three moles of ethane (C2H6), calculate the following:
(i) Number of moles of carbon atoms.
(ii) Number of moles of hydrogen atoms.
(iii) Number of molecules of ethane.
If the position of the electron is measured within an accuracy of + 0.002 nm, calculate the uncertainty in the momentum of the electron. Suppose the momentum of the electron is h/4πm × 0.05 nm, is there any problem in defining this value.