Class 12 Chemistry - Chapter Coordination Compounds NCERT Solutions | What is meant by stability of a coordina
What is meant by stability of a coordination compound in solution? State the factors which govern stability of complexes.
The stability of a complex in a solution refers to the degree of association between the two species involved in a state of equilibrium. Stability can be expressed quantitatively in terms of stability constant or formation constant.
M + 3L ↔ ML3
Stability Constant, β = [ML3] / [M][L3]
For this reaction, the greater the value of the stability constant, the greater is the proportion of ML3 in the solution.
Stability can be of two types:
(a) Thermodynamic stability:
The extent to which the complex will be formed or will be transformed into another species at the point of equilibrium is determined by thermodynamic stability.
(b) Kinetic stability:
This helps in determining the speed with which the transformation will occur to attain the state of equilibrium.
Factors that affect the stability of a complex are:
(a) Charge on the central metal ion: Thegreater the charge on the central metal ion, the greater is the stability of the complex.
(b) Basic nature of the ligand: A more basic ligand will form a more stable complex.
(c) Presence of chelate rings: Chelation increases the stability of complexes.
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