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METALS
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NON METALS
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Metals can lose electrons easily.
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Non-metals cannot lose electrons easily
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Metals are solids at room ( Exceptions – Hg, Ga ).
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temperature Non – metals may be solids, liquids or gases at room temperature
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Metals generally form ionic compounds.
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Non–metals generally form covalent compounds.
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Metals have low ionization enthalpies.
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Non–metals have high ionization enthalpies.
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Metals are less electronegative. They are rather electropositive elements.
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Non–metals are electronegative.
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Metals have a high reducing power.
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Non–metals have a low reducing power
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Metals have luster. They reflect light from polished or freshly cut surface
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Non-metals do not have luster.( Exceptions – Diamond and Iodine )
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Metals generally have high density
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Non-metals generally have low density
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They are good conductors of heat and and electricity.
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They are usually bad conductors of heat electricity. (exception – carbon in the form of gas carbon and graphite )
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Metals are malleable and ductile. They can be beaten into sheets and drawn into wires.
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Non-metals are not malleable and ductile They are brittle when solid.They can be crushed into powder
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They have a three dimensional crystal structure with metallic bonds
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They have different types of structures with covalent and van-der-Walls’ bonds
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Metals usually have high tensile Strength
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Non- metals usually have low tensile strength
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Metals generally have 1 to 3 electrons in outermost shell of their atoms
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Non-metals generally have 4 to 8 in their outermost shell of the atom
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They generally form basic oxides.
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They generally form acidic oxides
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They act as reducing agents
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They act as oxidizing agents.
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