Sleeping pills are recommended by doctors to the patients suffering from sleeplessness but it is not advisable to take its doses without consultation with the doctor, Why?
Most drugs when taken in doses higher than recommended may cause harmful effects and sometimes, may even lead to death. Hence, a doctor should always be consulted before taking any medicine. Sleep is a normal physiological phenomenon in man. Sleeplessness (insomnia) may result form variety of causes and which under certain condition need treatment. Hypnotics and sedatives are the drugs used to produce drowsiness and promote sleep. These drugs depress the central nervous system. If these drugs are used in higher doses will cause serious side effects, which may lead to death in certain cases. So whenever sleeping pills are to be taken they should be taken after consultation with doctor about the dose concentration and dose timing.
Why do soaps not work in hard water?
Explain the following terms with suitable examples
(i) cationic detergents
(ii) anionic detergents and
(iii) non-ionic detergents.
What are food preservatives ?
How do antiseptics differ from disinfectants ? Give one example of each.
Why is use of aspartame limited to cold foods and drinks?
What are the main constituents of dettol?
With reference to which classification has the statement, ranitidine is an antacid been given?
Write the chemical equation for preparing sodium soap from glyceryl oleate and glyceryl palmitate. Structural formulae of these compounds are given below.
(i) (C15H31COO)3 C3H5 - Glyceryl palmitate
(ii)(C17H33COO)3 C3H5 - Glyceryl oleate
Name a substance which can be used as an antiseptic as well as disinfectant.
What are artificial sweetening agents? Give two examples.
For the reaction R → P, the concentration of a reactant changes from 0.03 M to 0.02 M in 25 minutes. Calculate the average rate of reaction using units of time both in minutes and seconds.
Write the formulas for the following coordination compounds:
(i) Tetraamminediaquacobalt (III) chloride
(ii) Potassium tetracyanonickelate(II)
(iii) Tris(ethane-1,2-diamine) chromium(III) chloride
(iv) Amminebromidochloridonitrito-N-platinate(II)
(v) Dichloridobis(ethane-1,2-diamine)platinum(IV) nitrate
(vi) Iron(III) hexacyanoferrate(II)
(i) Write structures of different isomeric amines corresponding to the molecular formula, C4H11N
(ii) Write IUPAC names of all the isomers.
(iii) What type of isomerism is exhibited by different pairs of amines?
Why are solids rigid?
Write any two characteristics of Chemisorption.
Write the structures of the following compounds.
(i) α-Methoxypropionaldehyde
(ii) 3-Hydroxybutanal
(iii) 2-Hydroxycyclopentane carbaldehyde
(iv) 4-Oxopentanal
(v) Di-sec-butyl ketone
(vi) 4-Fluoroacetophenone
Which of the ores mentioned in Table 6.1 can be concentrated by magnetic separation method?
Why are pentahalides more covalent than trihalides?
Silver atom has completely filled d orbitals (4d10) in its ground state. How can you say that it is a transition element?
Glucose or sucrose are soluble in water but cyclohexane or benzene (simple six membered ring compounds) are insoluble in water. Explain.
Silver atom has completely filled d orbitals (4d10) in its ground state. How can you say that it is a transition element?
Primary alkyl halide C4H9Br (a) reacted with alcoholic KOH to give compound (b).Compound (b) is reacted with HBr to give (c) which is an isomer of (a). When (a) is reacted with sodium metal it gives compound (d), C8H18 which is different from the compound formed when n-butyl bromide is reacted with sodium. Give the structural formula of (a) and write the equations for all the reactions.
Give the IUPAC names of the following compounds:
(i) CH3CH(Cl)CH(Br)CH3
(ii) CHF2CBrClF
(iii) ClCH2C≡CCH2Br
(iv) (CCl3)3CCl
(v) CH3C(p-ClC6H4)2CH(Br)CH3
(vi) (CH3)3CCH=CClC6H4I-p
What is meant by 'disproportionation'? Give two examples of disproportionation reaction in aqueous solution.
What happens when
(i) n-butyl chloride is treated with alcoholic KOH,
(ii) bromobenzene is treated with Mg in the presence of dry ether,
(iii) chlorobenzene is subjected to hydrolysis,
(iv) ethyl chloride is treated with aqueous KOH,
(v) methyl bromide is treated with sodium in the presence of dry ether,
(vi) methyl chloride is treated with KCN.
Calculate the 'spin only' magnetic moment of M2+(aq) ion (Z = 27).
Q1 : Write down the electronic configuration of:
(i) Cr3+ (iii) Cu+ (v) Co2+ (vii) Mn2+
(ii) Pm3+ (iv) Ce4+ (vi) Lu2+ (viii) Th4+
For M2+/M and M3+/M2+ systems, the Eā values for some metals are as follows:
Cr2+/Cr -0.9V
Cr3/Cr2+ -0.4 V
Mn2+/Mn -1.2V
Mn3+/Mn2+ +1.5 V
Fe2+/Fe -0.4V
Fe3+/Fe2+ +0.8 V
Use this data to comment upon:
(i) The stability of Fe3+in acid solution as compared to that of Cr3+or Mn3+ and
(ii) The ease with which iron can be oxidised as compared to a similar process for either chromium or manganese metal.
How do you explain the amphoteric behaviour of amino acids?
Justify the placement of O, S, Se, Te and Po in the same group of the periodic table in terms of electronic configuration, oxidation state and hydride formation.