Class 12 Chemistry - Chapter Alcohols Phenols and Ethers NCERT Solutions | Write the mechanism of acid-catalysed de

Welcome to the NCERT Solutions for Class 12th Chemistry - Chapter Alcohols Phenols and Ethers. This page offers a step-by-step solution to the specific question from Exercise 2, Question 19: write the mechanism of acid catalysed dehydration....
Question 19

Write the mechanism of acid-catalysed dehydration of ethanol to yield ethene.

Answer

The mechanism of acid dehydration of ethanol to yield ethene involves the following three steps:

Step 1:

Protonation of ethanol to form ethyl oxonium ion:

Step 2:

Formation of carbocation (rate determining step):

Step 3:

Elimination of a proton to form ethene:

The acid consumed in step 1 is released in Step 3. After the formation of ethene, it is removed to shift the equilibrium in a forward direction.

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