Class 12 Chemistry - Chapter Alcohols Phenols and Ethers NCERT Solutions | Explain why is ortho nitrophenol more ac

Explain the following with an example.

(i) Kolbe's reaction.

(ii) Reimer-Tiemann reaction.

(iii) Williamson ether synthesis.

(iv) Unsymmetrical ether.

How are the following conversions carried out?

(i) Propene → Propan-2-ol

(ii) Benzyl chloride → Benzyl alcohol

(iii) Ethyl magnesium chloride → Propan-1-ol.

(iv) Methyl magnesium bromide → 2-Methylpropan-2-ol.

Write the mechanism of acid-catalysed dehydration of ethanol to yield ethene.

Give the equations of reactions for the preparation of phenol from cumene.

Write equations of the following reactions:

(i) Friedel-Crafts reaction-alkylation of anisole.

(ii) Nitration of anisole.

(iii) Bromination of anisole in ethanoic acid medium.

(iv) Friedel-Craft's acetylation of anisole.

Give two reactions that show the acidic nature of phenol. Compare acidity of phenol with that of ethanol.

Show how are the following alcohols prepared by the reaction of a suitable

Grignard reagent on methanal?

(i)

(ii)

Write the reactions of Williamson synthesis of 2-ethoxy-3-methylpentane starting from ethanol and 3-methylpentan-2-ol.

What is meant by hydroboration-oxidation reaction? Illustrate it with an example.

Give structures of the products you would expect when each of the following alcohol reacts with (a) HCl-ZnCl₂ (b) HBr and (c) SOCl₂.

(i) Butan-1-ol

(ii) 2-Methylbutan-2-ol

For the reaction R → P, the concentration of a reactant changes from 0.03 M to 0.02 M in 25 minutes. Calculate the average rate of reaction using units of time both in minutes and seconds.

Write the formulas for the following coordination compounds:

(i) Tetraamminediaquacobalt (III) chloride

(ii) Potassium tetracyanonickelate(II)

(iii) Tris(ethane-1,2-diamine) chromium(III) chloride

(iv) Amminebromidochloridonitrito-N-platinate(II)

(v) Dichloridobis(ethane-1,2-diamine)platinum(IV) nitrate

(vi) Iron(III) hexacyanoferrate(II)

(i) Write structures of different isomeric amines corresponding to the molecular formula, C4H11N

(ii) Write IUPAC names of all the isomers.

(iii) What type of isomerism is exhibited by different pairs of amines?

Why are solids rigid?

Write any two characteristics of Chemisorption.

Write the structures of the following compounds.

(i) α-Methoxypropionaldehyde

(ii) 3-Hydroxybutanal

(iii) 2-Hydroxycyclopentane carbaldehyde

(iv) 4-Oxopentanal

(v) Di-sec-butyl ketone

(vi) 4-Fluoroacetophenone

Which of the ores mentioned in Table 6.1 can be concentrated by magnetic separation method?

Why are pentahalides more covalent than trihalides?

Silver atom has completely filled d orbitals (4d10) in its ground state. How can you say that it is a transition element?

Glucose or sucrose are soluble in water but cyclohexane or benzene (simple six membered ring compounds) are insoluble in water. Explain.

Silver atom has completely filled d orbitals (4d10) in its ground state. How can you say that it is a transition element?

Actinoid contraction is greater from element to element than lanthanoid contraction. Why?

What is the effect of temperature on the rate constant of a reaction? How can this temperature effect on rate constant be represented quantitatively?

What may be the stable oxidation state of the transition element with the following d electron configurations in the ground state of their atoms :

3d³, 3d⁵, 3d⁸ and 3d⁴?

Write short notes on the following:

(i) Carbylamine reaction (ii) Diazotisation

(iii) Hofmann's bromamide reaction (iv) Coupling reaction

(v) Ammonolysis (vi) Acetylation

(vii) Gabriel phthalimide synthesis.

Why is sulphuric acid not used during the reaction of alcohols with KI?

Calculate the mole fraction of benzene in solution containing 30% by mass in carbon tetrachloride.

Calculate the molarity of each of the following solutions:

(a)30 g of Co(NO₃)₂. 6H₂O in 4.3 L of solution

(b)30 mL of 0.5 M H₂SO₄ diluted to 500 mL.

What type of substances would make better permanent magnets, ferromagnetic or ferrimagnetic. Justify your answer.

Write the chemical equation for preparing sodium soap from glyceryl oleate and glyceryl palmitate. Structural formulae of these compounds are given below.

(i) (C₁₅H₃₁COO)₃ C₃H₅ - Glyceryl palmitate

(ii)(C₁₇H₃₃COO)₃ C₃H₅ - Glyceryl oleate