Class 12 Biology - Chapter Principles of Inheritance and Variation NCERT Solutions | Define and design a test − cross?

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Question 5

Define and design a test − cross?

Answer

Test cross is a cross between an organism with unknown genotype and a recessive parent. It is used to determine whether the individual is homozygous or heterozygous for a trait.

If the progenies produced by a test cross show 50% dominant trait and 50% recessive trait, then the unknown individual is heterozygous for a trait. On the other hand, if the progeny produced shows dominant trait, then the unknown individual is homozygous for a trait.

Cross between homozygous (unknown) individual and homozygous recessive individual

Cross between heterozygous (unknown) individual and homozygous recessive individual

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