Class 11 Biology - Chapter Morphology of Flowering Plants NCERT Solutions | Take one flower each of families Fabacea

(1) Family Fabaceae/Papilionaceae (pea plant)

Fabaceae/Papilionaceae is a sub-family of the Leguminoseae family.

Vegetative features:

Habit: Pinnately compound, alternately arranged with leaf tendrils with the pulvinus present at the leaf base along folacious stipules.

Root: Tap root system with root nodules.

Floral features:

Inflorescence: Racemose, generally axial than terminal

Flower: Zygomorphic and bisexual flowers are found.

Calyx: It contains five sepals which are gamosepalous while aestivation is imbricate.

Corolla: It contains five petals (polypetalous) with vexillary aestivation.

Androecium: It consists of ten anthers that are diadelphous with dithecous anthers.

Gynoecium: Monocarpellary superior ovary which is unilocular with marginal placentation.

Fruit: Legume pod with non-endospermic seeds.

Floral formula:

Economic importance: Peas are used as vegetables for making various culinary preparations.

(2) Flowers of Solanum nigrum

Family Solanaceae

Vegetative features:

Habit: Erect, herbaceous plant

Leaves: Simple, exstipulate leaves with reticulate venation

Stem: Erect stem with numerous branches.

Floral features: Inflorescence: Solitary and axillary

Flowers: Actinomorphic, bisexual flowers

Calyx: Calyx is composed of five sepals that are united and persistent. Aestivation is valvate.

Corolla: Corolla consists of five united petals with valvate aestivation.

Androecium: It consists of five epipetalous stamens.

Gynoecium: It consists of bicarpellary syncarpous superior ovary with axile placentation.

Fruits: Berry Seeds: Numerous, endospermous

Floral formula:

Economic importance: Used for medicinal purposes.