Class 11 Biology - Chapter Digestion and Absorption NCERT Solutions | How are polysaccharides and disaccharide
How are polysaccharides and disaccharides digested?
The digestion of carbohydrates starts in the mouth and completes in the small intestine region of the alimentary canal. The enzymes that act on carbohydrates are collectively known as carbohydrases.
Digestion in the mouth:
As food enters the mouth, it gets mixed with saliva. Saliva – secreted by the salivary glands – contains a digestive enzyme called salivary amylase; also called as Ptyalin. This enzyme breaks down starch into sugar at pH 6.8.
Starch
Maltose + Isomaltose + Limit dextrins
Salivary amylase continues to act in the oesophagus, but its action stops in the stomach as the contents become acidic. Hence, carbohydrate-digestion stops in the stomach.
Digestion in the small intestine:
Carbohydrate-digestion is resumed in the small intestine. Here, the food gets mixed with the pancreatic juice and the intestinal juice. Pancreatic juice contains the pancreatic amylase that hydrolyses the polysaccharides into disaccharides.
Starch
Disaccharides
(Polysaccharides)
Similarly, the intestinal juice contains a variety of enzymes (disaccharidases such as maltase, lactase, sucrase, etc.). These disaccharidases help in the digestion of disaccharides. The digestion of carbohydrates is completed in the small intestine.
Maltose
2Glucose
Lactose
Glucose + Galactose
Sucrose 
Glucose + Fructose
More Questions From Class 11 Biology - Chapter Digestion and Absorption
- Q:-
Bile juice contains no digestive enzymes, yet it is important for digestion. Why?
- Q:-
How does butter in your food gets digested and absorbed in the body?
- Q:-
State the role of pancreatic juice in digestion of proteins.
- Q:-
Discuss the main steps in the digestion of proteins as the food passes through different parts of the alimentary canal.
- Q:-
Describe the process of digestion of protein in stomach.
- Q:-
Choose the correct answer among the following:
(a) Gastric juice contains
(i) pepsin, lipase and rennin
(ii) trypsin lipase and rennin
(iii) trypsin, pepsin and lipase
(iv) trypsin, pepsin and renin
(b) Succus entericus is the name given to
(i) a junction between ileum and large intestine
(ii) intestinal juice
(iii) swelling in the gut
(iv) appendix - Q:- What would happen if HCl were not secreted in the stomach?
- Q:-
Describe the digestive role of chymotrypsin. What two other digestive enzymes of the same category are secreted by its source gland?
- Q:- Given the dental formula of human beings
- Q:-
Answer briefly:
(a) Why are villi present in the intestine and not in the stomach?
(b) How does pepsinogen change into its active form?
(c) What are the basic layers of the wall of alimentary canal?
(d) How does bile help in the digestion of fats?
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