What practical difficulties are encountered by a trader due to incompleteness of accounting records?
The following are the difficulties that are encountered by a trader due to incompleteness of accounting records.
(i) Accuracy of Accounts : When incomplete records are maintained Arithmetical accuracy of accounts cannot be ensured.
(ii) Encourages Fraud : Incomplete records encourages fraud and provides sufficient scope for bluffing and carelessness.
(iii) Difficult to Analyse the True Financial Position : As profit or loss cannot be ascertained easily, so the Balance Sheet cannot be easily prepared. Hence, the absence of Balance Sheet will not reflect the true financial position of the business.
(iv) Difficulty in Comparison : Due to the incomplete records and non - availability of previous years date, comparison is not possible. Comparisons with other firms is also not possible.
(v) Unacceptable to Tax Authorities : Since they do not reflect the true and acceptable presentation of expenses and revenues. These are not acceptable by the tax authorities. Many other problems such as inconvenience in getting the profitability and liquidity of business, difficulty in getting fund from outside etc are encountered.
Credit purchase, during the year is ascertained by preparing :
(a) Total creditors account (b) Total debtors account
(c) Cash account (d) Opening statement of affairs
What are the possible reasons for keeping incomplete records?
Explain how the following may be ascertained from incomplete records:
(a) Opening capital and closing capital
(b) Credit sales and credit purchases
(c) Payments to creditors and collection from debtors
(d) Closing balance of cash.
State the meaning of incomplete records?
Distinguish between statement of affairs and balance sheet.
Tick the correct answer :
Incomplete record mechanism of book keeping is :
(a) Scientific (b) Unscientific
(c) Unsystematic (d) both (b) and (c)
Opening capital is ascertained by preparing :
(a) Total debtors account (b) Total creditors account
(c) Cash account (d) Opening statement of affairs
Write the correct word(s) :
1. Credit sales can be ascertained as the balancing figure in the .......... account.
2. Excess of .......... over ......... represents loss sustained during the period.
3. To ascertain the profit, closing capital is to be adjusted by deducting .......... and adding ..........
4. Incomplete records are generally used by ..........
If opening capital is Rs. 60,000, drawings Rs. 5,000, capital introduced during the period Rs. 10,000, closing capital Rs. 90,000. The value of profit earned during the period will be :
(a) Rs. 20,000 (b) Rs. 25,000
(c) Rs. 30,000 (d) Rs. 40,000
What is meant by a ‘statement of affairs’? How can the profit or loss of a trader be ascertained with the help of a statement of affairs?
Name any two types of commonly used negotiable instruments.
Why is it necessary to record the adjusting entries in the preparation of final accounts?
What is ‘Depreciation’?
Briefly state how the cash book is both journal and a ledger.
State the meaning of a trial balance?
State the four basic requirements of a database applications.
Define accounting.
State the different elements of a computer system.
Why is it necessary for accountants to assume that business entity will remain a going concern?
State the need for the preparation of bank reconciliation statement?
Distinguish between debtors and creditors.
Select Right Answer:
Voucher is prepared for:
(i) Cash received and paid
(ii) Cash/Credit sales
(iii) Cash/Credit purchase
(iv) All of the above
What are closing entries? Give four examples of closing entries.
Describe how debits and credits are used to analyse transactions.
What is a bank reconciliation statement. Why is it prepared?
When a firm maintains a cash book, it need not maintain ;
(i) Journal Proper
(ii) Purchases (journal) book
(iii) Sales (journal) book
(iv) Bank and cash account in the ledger
State whether each of the following statements is True or False
1. Passbook is the statement of account of the customer maintained by the bank.
2. A business firm periodically prepares a bank reconciliation statement to reconcile the bank balance as per the cash book with the passbook as these two show different balances for various reasons.
3. Cheques issued but not presented for payment will reduce the balance as per the passbook.
4. Cheques deposited but not collected will result in increasing the balance of the cash book when compared to passbook.
5. Overdraft as per the passbook is less than the overdraft as per cash book when there are cheques deposited but not collected by the banker.
6. The debit balance of the bank account as per the cash book should be equal to the credit balance of the account of the business in the books of the bank.
7. Favourable bank balance as per the cash book will be less than the bank passbook balance when there are unpresented cheques for payment.
8. Direct collections received by the bank on behalf of the customers would increase the balance as per the bank passbook when compared to the balance as per the cash book.
9. When payments made by the bank as per the standing instructions of the customer, the balance in the passbook will be more when compared to the cash book.
If the insurance premium paid Rs. 1,000 and prepaid insurance Rs. 300. The amount of insurance premium shown in profit and loss account will be :
(a) Rs. 1,300 (b) Rs. 1,000
(c) Rs. 300 (d) Rs. 700
State the relationship between information and decision.