Can a company purchase its own debentures in the open market? Explain.
Yes, a company, if authorised by its Articles of Association, can purchase its own debentures in the open market.
The main purposes of such purchase may be as follows:
(i) A company may purchase its own debenture for immediate cancellation for reducing the debenture liability especially in case when the interest rate on its debenture is higher than the market rate of interest.
(ii) A company may also purchase its own debentures with the motive of investment and sell them at higher price in future and thereby earn profit. When a company purchase its own debenture,in the open market it can happen in either of the two ways first debentures may be purchased at premium for cancellation and debenture may be purchase at discount for cancellation.
The following will be the accounting treatment in both the situation:
If Debentures are Purchased at Discount for Cancellation When the company purchase its own debentures at discount for cancellation, then the following Journal entries are recorded:
1) Own Debentures A/c Dr
To Bank A/c
(Being own debentures purchased in the open market)
2) Debenture A/c Dr
To Own Debentures A/c
To Profit on Redemption of Debenture A/c
(Being own debentures cancelled)
3) Profit on Cancellation of Own Debentures A/c Dr
To Capital Reserve A/c
(Being profit on cancellation of Own Debentures transferred to capital reserve account)
(ii) If Debentures are Purchased at Premium for Cancellation
1) Own Debentures A/c Dr
To Bank A/c
(Being own debentures purchased in the open market)
2) Debenture A/c Dr
Loss on Redemption of Debenture A/c. Dr
To Own Debentures A/c
(Being own debentures cancelled)
State the meaning of ‘Debentures issued as a collateral security’.
What is ‘Capital Reserve’?
Can the company purchase its own debentures?
What is discount on issue of debentures?
Describe the steps for creating Sinking Fund for redemption of debentures.
Under which head is the ‘Debenture Redemption Reserve’ shown in the balance sheet?
What is meant by conversion of debentures? Describe the method of such a conversion.
Explain the different types of debentures?
What is meant by ‘Issue of debenture at discount and redeemable at premium?
What do you mean by Ratio Analysis?
List the techniques of Financial Statement Analysis.
State the meaning of financial statement analysis?
What are various types of ratios?
Distinguish between Vertical and Horizontal Analysis of financial data.
What are limitations of financial statement analysis?
What relationships will be established to study?
(a) Inventory Turnover (b) Debtor Turnover
(c) Payables Turnover (d) Working Capital Turnover
State the meaning of Analysis and Interpretation.
List any three objectives of analysing financial statements?
The liquidity of a business firm is measured by its ability to satisfy itslong-
term obligations as they become due. What are the ratios used forthis purpose?
What are important profitability ratios? How are these worked out?
State the meaning of financial statement analysis?
Explain the limitations of financial statements.
What do you understand by analysis and interpretation of financial statements? Discuss its importance.
How will you disclose the following items in the Balance Sheet of a company;
(i) Loose tools
(ii) Uncalled liability on partly paid-up shares
(iii) Debentures redemption reserve
(iv) Mastheads and publishing titles (v) 10% debentures
(vi) Proposed dividend
(vii) Share forfeited account
(viii) Capital redemtion reserve
(ix) Mining rights
(x) Work-in-progress
The average age of inventory is viewed as the average length of time inventory is held by the firm or as the average number of days’ sales in inventory. Why?
Distinguish between Vertical and Horizontal Analysis of financial data.
What are liquidity ratios? Discuss the importance of current and liquid ratio.
‘Financial statements reflect a combination of recorded facts, accounting
conventions and personal judgements’ discuss.
State the meaning of Analysis and Interpretation.