Describe the steps for creating Sinking Fund for redemption of debentures.
The steps involved in creation of Sinking Fund on redemption of Debenture are:
(i) Calculate the amount of profit to be set-aside annually with the help of sinking fund table.
(ii) Set aside the amount of profit at the end of each year and credit to Debenture Redemption Fund (DRF) Account.
(iii) Purchase the investments of the equivalent amount at the end of first year and debit Debenture Redemption Fund Investment (DRFI) Account.
(iv) Receive interest on investment at the end of each subsequent year.
(v) Purchase the investments equivalent to the fixed amount of profit set aside and the interest earned every year except last year (year of redemption).
(vi) Receive interest on investment for the last year.
(vii) Set aside the fixed amount of profit for the last year.
(viii) Encash the investments at the end of the year of redemption.
(ix) Transfer the profit/loss on sale of investments reflected in the balance of Debenture Redemption Fund Investment Account to Debenture Redemption Fund Account.
(x) Make payment to debenture holders.
(xi) Transfer Debenture Redemption Fund A/c balance to General Reserve.
What is ‘Capital Reserve’?
State the meaning of ‘Debentures issued as a collateral security’.
Can the company purchase its own debentures?
What is meant by ‘Issue of debenture at discount and redeemable at premium?
What is discount on issue of debentures?
What does a Bearer Debenture mean?
What is a ‘Convertible Debenture’?
Explain the different types of debentures?
What is meant by ‘Issue of debentures for consideration other than cash’?
What do you mean by Ratio Analysis?
List the techniques of Financial Statement Analysis.
State the meaning of financial statement analysis?
What are various types of ratios?
Distinguish between Vertical and Horizontal Analysis of financial data.
What are limitations of financial statement analysis?
What relationships will be established to study?
(a) Inventory Turnover (b) Debtor Turnover
(c) Payables Turnover (d) Working Capital Turnover
State the meaning of Analysis and Interpretation.
List any three objectives of analysing financial statements?
The liquidity of a business firm is measured by its ability to satisfy itslong-
term obligations as they become due. What are the ratios used forthis purpose?
State the meaning of Analysis and Interpretation.
Explain the limitations of financial statements.
Explain how common size statements are prepared giving an example.
What is the importance of comparative statements? Illustrate youranswer with particular reference to comparative income statement.
How would you study the Solvency position of the firm?
State the importance of financial statements to
(i) shareholders
(ii) creditors
(iii) government
(iv) investors
What are liquidity ratios? Discuss the importance of current and liquid ratio.
The current ratio provides a better measure of overall liquidity only when a
firm’s inventory cannot easily be converted into cash. If inventory is liquid, the
quick ratio is a preferred measure of overall liquidity. Explain.
Explain the usefulness of trend percentages in interpretation of financial performance of a company.
Explain how financial statements are useful to the various parties who are interested in the affairs of an undertaking?