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Q1 Fill in the blanks:
(a) ———————— was a word used for large landowners in Tamil.
(b) The gramabhojaka often got his land cultivated by the ————————
(c) Ploughmen were known as ———————— in Tamil.
(d) Most grihapatis were ———————— landowners.Ans: (a) vellalar was a word used for large landowners in tamil.
(b) the gramabhojaka often got his land cultivated by the dosa karmakara.
(c) ploughmen were known as ujhavar in tamil.
(d) most grihapatis were small landowners.Q2 Describe the functions of the gramabhojaka. Why do you think he was powerful?
Ans: Gramabhojaka was the biggest landowner and his some functions were:
- Collection taken of taxes from the farmers.
- As judge
- As policemenQ3 List the crafts persons who would have been present in both villages and cities.
Ans: Some of the crafts person were:
Potter, Blacksmith, Carpenter, Ironsmith, Weaver etc.Q4 Choose the correct answer:
(a) Ring wells were used for:
1. bathing
2. washing clothes
3. irrigation
4. drainage
(b) Punch marked coins were made of:
1. silver
2. gold
3. tin
4. ivory(c) Mathura was an important:
1. village
2. port
3. religious centre
4. forested area
(d) Shrenis were associations of:
1. rulers
2. crafts persons
3. farmers
4. herdersAns: (a) 4. drainage
(b) 1. silver
(c) 3. religious center
(d) 2. Crafts personQ5 Which of the iron tools shown on page 79 would have been important for agriculture? What would the other tools have been used for?
Ans: - sickle was used in agriculture; is a hand tool which is used for the harvesting of vegetables.
- Axe was used for chopping wood.
- Tongs were used in kitchen or by ironsmith; it is used for grabbing something like noodles, pasta etc.Q6 Compare the drainage system in your locality with that of the cities mentioned in the lesson. What similarities and differences do you notice?
Ans: The modern drainage system is usually made up of pipes which are made up of plastic, metal or ceramic material. While the drainage system in this chapter was made up of rings and those rings were stacked together to make a tube type structure.
Similarity: use of ceramic and tubes.
Difference: use of rings in those cities.