Class 10 Social Science - India an the Contemporary World - II - Chapter The Age of Industrialisation NCERT Solutions | Explain what is meant by proto-industria

Why did industrial production in India increase during the First World War?

Write True or False against each statement:

a) At the end of the nine- teenth century, 80 per cent of the total workforce in Europe was employed in the technologically advanced industrial sector.

b) The international market for fine textiles was dominated by India till the eighteenth century.

c) The American Civil War resulted in the reduction of cotton exports from India.

d) The introduction of the fly shuttle enabled handloom workers to improve their productivity.

Explain the following:

a) Women workers in Britain attacked the Spinning Jenny.
b) In the seventeenth century merchants from towns in Europe began employing peasants and artisans within the villages.
c) The port of Surat declined by the end of the eighteenth century.
d) The East India Company appointed gomasthas to supervise weavers in India.

Imagine that you have been asked to write an article for an encyclopaedia on Britain and the history of cotton. Write your piece using information from the entire chapter.

Why did some industrialists in nineteenth-century Europe prefer hand labour over machines?

How did the East India Company procure regular supplies of cotton and silk textiles from Indian weavers?

a) Guiseppe Mazzini
b) Count Camillo de Cavour
c) The Greek war of independence
d) Frankfurt parliament
e) The role of women in nationalist struggles

a) Why growth of nationalism in the colonies is linked to an anti-colonial movement.
b) How the First World War helped in the growth of the National Movement in India.
c) Why Indians were outraged by the Rowlatt Act.
d) Why Gandhiji decided to withdraw the Non-Cooperation Movement.

Give two examples of different types of global exchanges which took place before the seventeenth century, choosing one example from Asia and one from the Americas.

Give reasons for the following: 

a) Woodblock print only came to Europe after 1295.

b) Martin Luther was in favour of print and spoke out in praise of it.

c) The Roman Catholic Church began keeping an Index of Prohibited books from the mid-sixteenth century.

d) Gandhi said the fight for Swaraj is a fight for liberty of speech, liberty of the press, and freedom of association.

What steps did the French revolutionaries take to create a sense of collective identity among the French people?

What is meant by the idea of satyagraha?

Explain how the global transfer of disease in the pre-modern world helped in the colonisation of the Americas.

Write short notes to show what you know about:
a) The Gutenberg Press

b) Erasmus’s idea of the printed book

c) The Vernacular Press Act

Who were Marianne and Germania? What was the importance of the way in which they were portrayed?

Write a newspaper report on:
a) The Jallianwala Bagh massacre
b) The Simon Commission

What steps did the French revolutionaries take to create a sense of collective identity among the French people?

Why did some people fear the effect of easily available printed books? Choose one example from Europe and one from India.

List all the different social groups which joined the Non-Cooperation Movement of 1921. Then choose any three and write about their hopes and struggles to show why they, joined the movement.

Choose three examples to show the contribution of culture to the growth of nationalism in Europe.

Write a newspaper report on:
a) The Jallianwala Bagh massacre
b) The Simon Commission

Through a focus on any two countries, explain how nations developed over the nineteenth century.

Why did political leaders differ sharply over the question of separate electorates?

Explain what is meant by the 1848 revolution of the liberals. What were the political, social and economic ideas supported by the liberals?

Give two examples from history to show the impact of technology on food availability.

a) Guiseppe Mazzini
b) Count Camillo de Cavour
c) The Greek war of independence
d) Frankfurt parliament
e) The role of women in nationalist struggles