In what ways do pressure groups and movements exert influence on politics?
Pressure groups and movements makes influence on politics :
1) Information campaigns, organizing meetings, file petitions: Pressure groups carries out information campaigns, organize meetings, and file petitions to get public attention and gain support for their activities.
2) Media: They takes help from the media to reach number of people through news channels and to gain maximum support.
3) Strikes: Pressure groups exert influence by strikes and hunger strikes. This is a non violent way which was a great effect on politics. The government is, thus, pressurized to pay attention on their demand.
4) Advertisements and hoardings: Pressure groups and movements put up advertisements and boards everywhere so that people knows about their activities.
5) Lobbying and participation in official meetings: Business groups usually employ professional lobbyists. Few persons from the movement participate in the official meetings and advice to the government.
6) Take a political stance on major issues: Interest groups and movements do not directly involve in party politics but try to influence by taking a political stand on different matters. They have their own political thinking and political position on main issues.
Match List I with List-II and select the correct answer using the codes given below the lists:
List I List II
(i) Pressure group A. Narmada Bachao Andolan
(ii) Long-term movement B. Asom Gana Parishad
(iii) Single issue movement C. Women’s movement
(iv) Political party D. Fertiliser dealers, association
(a) D C A B
(b) B A D C
(c) C D B A
(d) B D C A
Explain how the activities of pressure groups are useful in the functioning of a democratic government.
Match List I (organisations and struggles) with List II and select the correct answer using the codes given below the lists: List I List II
1. Organisations that seek to promote A. Movement the interests of a particular section or group
2. Organisations that seek to promote B. Political parties common interest
3. Struggles launched for the resolution C. Sectional interest of a social problem with or without groups an organisational structure
4. Organisations that mobilise people D. Public interest with a view to win political power groups
(a) C D B A
(b) C D A B
(c) D C B A
(d) B C D A
Describe the forms of relationship between pressure groups and political parties?
Which among the following is the special feature that distinguishes a pressure group from a political party?
(a) Parties take political stances, while pressure groups do not bother about political issues.
(b) Pressure groups are confined to a few people, while parties involve larger number of people.
(c) Pressure groups do not seek to get into power, while political parties do.
(d) Pressure groups do not seek to mobilise people, while parties do.
Organisations that undertake activities to promote the interests of specific social sections such as workers, employees, teachers, and lawyers are called _____________________ groups.
What is the difference between a pressure group and a political party?
What is a pressure group? Give a few examples.
State the various functions political parties perform in a democracy.
How does democracy produce an accountable, responsive and legitimate government?
Writing your own definition of a good democracy.
What are the different forms of power-sharing in modern democracies? Give an example of each of these.
Locate the following States on a blank outline political map of India:
Manipur, Sikkim, Chhattisgarh and Goa.
Discuss three factors that determine the outcomes of politics of social divisions.
Mention different aspects of life in which women are discriminated or disadvantaged in India.
What are the various challenges faced by political parties?
What are the conditions under which democracies accommodate social diversities?
Features of a democracy.
Give arguments to support or oppose the following assertions:
* Industrialised countries can afford democracy but the poor need dictatorship to become rich.
* Democracy can’t reduce inequality of incomes between different citizens.
* Government in poor countries should spend less on poverty reduction, health, education and spend more on industries and infrastructure.
* In democracy all citizens have one vote, which means that there is absence of any domination and conflict.
Mention any two constitutional provisions that make India a secular state.
Read the following passage, and pick out any one of the prudential reasons for power sharing offered in this.
“We need to give more power to the panchayats to realise the dream of Mahatma Gandhi, and the hopes of the makers of our Constitution. The Panchayati Raj establishes true democracy. It restores power to the only place where power belongs in a democracy – in the hands of the people. Giving power to Panchayats is also a way to reduce corruption, and increase administrative efficiency. When people participate in the planning and implementation of developmental schemes, they would naturally exercise greater control over these schemes. This would eliminate the corrupt middlemen. Thus the Panchayati Raj will strengthen the foundations of our democracy."
Who among the following is the founder of the Bahujan Samaj Party?
A. Kanshi Ram
B. Sahu Maharaj
C. B.R. Ambedkar
D. Jotiba Phule
Consider the following two statements.
A. In a federation the powers of the federal and provincial governments are clearly demarcated.
B. India is a federation because the powers of the Union and State Governments are specified in the Constitution and they have exclusive jurisdiction on their respective subjects.
C. Sri Lanka is a federation because the country is divided into provinces.
D. India is no longer a federation because some powers of the States have been devolved to the local government bodies.
Which of the statements given above are correct?
(a) A, B and C (b) A, C and D (c) A and B only (d) B and C only
State two reasons to say that caste alone cannot determine election results in India.
Consider the following two statements on power-sharing and select the answer using codes given below:
A. Power sharing is good for democracy.
B. It helps to reduce the possibility of conflict between social groups.
Which of the statements are true and false?
(a) A is true but B is false
(b) Both A and B are true
(c) Both A and B are false
(d) A is false but B is true
State the various functions political parties perform in a democracy.
A group of people who come together to contest elections and hold power in the government is called a _____________________.
The distinguishing feature of a federal government is:
(a) National government gives some powers to the provincial governments.
(b) Power is distributed among the legislature, executive and judiciary.
(c) Elected officials exercise supreme power in the government.
(d) Governmental power is divided between different levels of government.