Class 7 Science - Chapter Weather, Climate and Adaptations of Animals to Climate NCERT Solutions | A carnivore with stripes on its body mov

Fill in the blanks:

 (i) The average weather taken over a long time is called ___________.                                                                                                                                               (ii) A place receives very little rainfall and the temperature is high throughout the year, the climate of that place will be ___________ and ___________ .
 (iii) The two regions of the earth with extreme climatic conditions are ___________ and __________.

Indicate the type of climate of the following areas:

(a) Jammu and Kashmir: _________________________________
(b) Kerala: ____________________________________________
(c) Rajasthan: __________________________________________
(d) North-east India: _____________________________________

Following are some of the characteristics of animals:

(i) Diets heavy on fruits      (ii) White fur
(iii) Need to migrate           (iv) Loud voice
(v) Sticky pads on feet       (vi) Layer of fat under skin
(vii) Wide and large paws  (viii) Bright colours
(ix) Strong tails                   (x) Long and large beak

For each characteristic indicate whether it is adaptation for tropical rainforests or polar regions. Do you think that some of these characteristics can be adapted for both regions?

Which features adapt polar bears to live in extremely cold climate?

(i) A white fur, fat below skin, keen sense of smell.
(ii) Thin skin, large eyes, a white fur.
(iii) A long tail, strong claws, white large paws.
(iv) White body, paws for swimming, gills for respiration.

The tropical rainforest has a large population of animals. Explain why it is so.

Which of the two changes frequently, weather or climate?

How do elephant living in the tropical rainforest adapt itself?

Which option best describes a tropical region?

(i) hot and humid
(ii) moderate temperature, heavy rainfall
(iii) cold and humid
(iv) hot and dry

Name the elements that determine the weather of a place.

Explain, with examples, why we find animals of certain kind living in particular climatic conditions.

State similarities and differences between the laboratory thermometer and the clinical thermometer.

State differences between acids and bases.

Classify the changes involved in the following processes as physical or chemical changes:
(a) Photosynthesis
(b) Dissolving sugar in water
(c) Burning of coal
(d) Melting of wax
(e) Beating aluminium to make aluminium foil
(f ) Digestion of food

Fill the missing word in the blank spaces in the following statements:

(a) Wind is——————air.
(b) Winds are generated due to —————— heating on the earth.
(c) Near the earth’s surface __________air rises up whereas ___________ air comes down.
(d) Air moves from a region of ——— pressure to a region of ———.

In addition to the rock particles, the soil contains

(i) air and water
(ii) water and plants
(iii) minerals, organic matter, air and water
(iv) water, air and plants

Why does an athlete breathe faster and deeper than usual after finishing the race?

Match structures given in Column I with functions given in Column II.

Column I                           Column II
(i) Stomata                        (a) Absorption of water
(ii) Xylem                           (b) Transpiration
(iii) Root hairs                    (c) Transport of food
(iv) Phloem                        (d) Transport of water
                                          (e) Synthesis of carbohydrates

Fill in the blanks:

(a) Production of new individuals from the vegetative part of parent is called_____________.
(b) A flower may have either male or female reproductive parts. Such a flower is called_____________.
(c) The transfer of pollen grains from the anther to the stigma of the same or of another flower of the same kind is known as _____________.
(d) The fusion of male and female gametes is termed as _____________.
(e) Seed dispersal takes place by means of _____________, _____________ and _____________.

Classify the following as motion along a straight line, circular or oscillatory motion:

(i) Motion of your hands while running.
(ii) Motion of a horse pulling a cart on a straight road.
(iii) Motion of a child in a merry-go-round.
(iv) Motion of a child on a see-saw.
(v) Motion of the hammer of an electric bell.
(vi) Motion of a train on a straight bridge.

Why do organisms need to take food?

Explain why rusting of iron objects is faster in coastal areas than in deserts.

Explain the factors responsible for the depletion of water table.

State two experiences that made you think that air exerts pressure (other than those given in the text).

You have been asked to maintain a garden. How will you minimise the use of water?

Explain what you understand by sexual reproduction.

A wooden spoon is dipped in a cup of ice cream. Its other end

(a) becomes cold by the process of conduction.
(b) becomes cold by the process of convection.
(c) becomes cold by the process of radiation.
(d) does not become cold.

Mark ëTí if the statement is true and ëFí if it is false:

(i) During heavy exercise the breathing rate of a person slows down. (T/F)
(ii) Plants carry out photosynthesis only during the day and respiration only at night. (T/F)
(iii) Frogs breathe through their skins as well as their lungs. (T/F)
(iv) The fishes have lungs for respiration. (T/F)
(v) The size of the chest cavity increases during inhalation. (T/F)

Blue litmus paper is dipped in a solution. It remains blue. What is the nature of the solution? Explain.

What is sludge? Explain how it is treated.

Match the items given in Column I with one or more items of Column II.

Column I                                          Column II
(a) A plane mirror                              (i) Used as a magnifying glass.
(b) A convex mirror                           (ii) Can form image of objects spread over a large area.
(c) A convex lens                              (iii) Used by dentists to see enlarged image of teeth.
(d) A concave mirror                         (iv) The image is always inverted and magnified.                                                                                                                    (e) A concave lens                            (v) The image is erect and of the same size as the object.
                                                         (vi) The image is erect and smaller in size than the object.