Why is blood needed by all the parts of a body?
Blood is needed by all the parts of our body because it performs the following important functions in our body and also known as the ‘river of life’:
1. Blood helps in the transportation of food by the plasma from the alimentary canal and liver to all the parts of the body for growth, repair and energy.
2. Blood carries water to all the parts of the body and water balance regulation occurs which is important in the metabolic processes.
3. Blood component; RBCs carries oxygen bound to haemoglobin as the oxyhaemoglobin from the lungs to the tissues for oxidation of food to release energy.
4. Blood component plasma; collects the carbon dioxide from the body tissues and carries it to the lungs for breathing out from the body.
5. Blood component plasma; carries a waste product such as urea, uric acid and creatinine from the liver and other tissues to the kidneys for excretion in urine.
6. Blood protects the body from diseases because it contains white blood cells that kills bacteria and other germs. They act as the soldiers, scavengers and builders of the body.
7. Blood helps in the regulation of body temperature.
What are stomata? Give two functions of stomata.
Draw a diagram of the human excretory system and label the various parts.
Match structures given in Column I with functions given in Column II.
Column I Column II
(i) Stomata (a) Absorption of water
(ii) Xylem (b) Transpiration
(iii) Root hairs (c) Transport of food
(iv) Phloem (d) Transport of water
(e) Synthesis of carbohydrates
Describe the function of the heart.
Does transpiration serve any useful function in the plants? Explain.
What are the components of blood?
Why is transport of materials necessary in a plant or in an animal? Explain.
Why is it necessary to excrete waste products?
What will happen if there are no platelets in the blood?
What makes the blood look red?
State similarities and differences between the laboratory thermometer and the clinical thermometer.
State differences between acids and bases.
Classify the changes involved in the following processes as physical or chemical changes:
(a) Photosynthesis
(b) Dissolving sugar in water
(c) Burning of coal
(d) Melting of wax
(e) Beating aluminium to make aluminium foil
(f ) Digestion of food
Name the elements that determine the weather of a place.
Fill the missing word in the blank spaces in the following statements:
(a) Wind is——————air.
(b) Winds are generated due to —————— heating on the earth.
(c) Near the earth’s surface __________air rises up whereas ___________ air comes down.
(d) Air moves from a region of ——— pressure to a region of ———.
In addition to the rock particles, the soil contains
(i) air and water
(ii) water and plants
(iii) minerals, organic matter, air and water
(iv) water, air and plants
Why does an athlete breathe faster and deeper than usual after finishing the race?
Fill in the blanks:
(a) Production of new individuals from the vegetative part of parent is called_____________.
(b) A flower may have either male or female reproductive parts. Such a flower is called_____________.
(c) The transfer of pollen grains from the anther to the stigma of the same or of another flower of the same kind is known as _____________.
(d) The fusion of male and female gametes is termed as _____________.
(e) Seed dispersal takes place by means of _____________, _____________ and _____________.
Classify the following as motion along a straight line, circular or oscillatory motion:
(i) Motion of your hands while running.
(ii) Motion of a horse pulling a cart on a straight road.
(iii) Motion of a child in a merry-go-round.
(iv) Motion of a child on a see-saw.
(v) Motion of the hammer of an electric bell.
(vi) Motion of a train on a straight bridge.
Why do organisms need to take food?
Write one similarity and one difference between the nutrition in amoeba and human beings.
In addition to the rock particles, the soil contains
(i) air and water
(ii) water and plants
(iii) minerals, organic matter, air and water
(iv) water, air and plants
Stainless steel pans are usually provided with copper bottoms. The reason for this could be that
(a) copper bottom makes the pan more durable.
(b) such pans appear colourful.
(c) copper is a better conductor of heat than the stainless steel.
(d) copper is easier to clean than the stainless steel.
How would you test the presence of starch in leaves?
Name two chemicals used to disinfect water.
Describe the steps involved in getting clarified water from wastewater.
Ammonia is found in many household products, such as window cleaners. It turns red litmus blue. What is its nature?
Match the items in Column I with those in Column II:
Column I Column II
(i) A home for living organisms (a) Large particles
(ii) Upper layer of the soil (b) All kinds of soil
(iii) Sandy soil (c) Dark in colour
(iv) Middle layer of the soil (d) Small particles and packed tight (v) Clayey soil (e) Lesser amount of humus
The tropical rainforest has a large population of animals. Explain why it is so.
Show with the help of a sketch that the plants are the ultimate source of food.