Does transpiration serve any useful function in the plants? Explain.
The process of Transpiration is the loss of water from leaves that serves very useful function in the plants because it generates s ‘suction force’ in xylem which can pull water from the roots up to great height in the tall trees which is known as ascent of sap.
Another function of transpiration is that it keeps the plant cool in higher temperature by the evaporation. The rate of transpiration increase in moving air because this carries away water vapour from leaves as fast as it comes out of stomata. Higher vapour pressure differences between leaf air spaces and the external air increases the transpiration rate. And, when the rate of transpiration increases, the rate of absorption of water through the roots also get increased. Thus, by keeping a plant under the fan, water absorption through roots can be increased.
What are stomata? Give two functions of stomata.
Draw a diagram of the human excretory system and label the various parts.
Match structures given in Column I with functions given in Column II.
Column I Column II
(i) Stomata (a) Absorption of water
(ii) Xylem (b) Transpiration
(iii) Root hairs (c) Transport of food
(iv) Phloem (d) Transport of water
(e) Synthesis of carbohydrates
Describe the function of the heart.
What are the components of blood?
Why is transport of materials necessary in a plant or in an animal? Explain.
What will happen if there are no platelets in the blood?
Why is it necessary to excrete waste products?
Why is blood needed by all the parts of a body?
What makes the blood look red?
State similarities and differences between the laboratory thermometer and the clinical thermometer.
State differences between acids and bases.
Classify the changes involved in the following processes as physical or chemical changes:
(a) Photosynthesis
(b) Dissolving sugar in water
(c) Burning of coal
(d) Melting of wax
(e) Beating aluminium to make aluminium foil
(f ) Digestion of food
Name the elements that determine the weather of a place.
Fill the missing word in the blank spaces in the following statements:
(a) Wind is——————air.
(b) Winds are generated due to —————— heating on the earth.
(c) Near the earth’s surface __________air rises up whereas ___________ air comes down.
(d) Air moves from a region of ——— pressure to a region of ———.
In addition to the rock particles, the soil contains
(i) air and water
(ii) water and plants
(iii) minerals, organic matter, air and water
(iv) water, air and plants
Why does an athlete breathe faster and deeper than usual after finishing the race?
Fill in the blanks:
(a) Production of new individuals from the vegetative part of parent is called_____________.
(b) A flower may have either male or female reproductive parts. Such a flower is called_____________.
(c) The transfer of pollen grains from the anther to the stigma of the same or of another flower of the same kind is known as _____________.
(d) The fusion of male and female gametes is termed as _____________.
(e) Seed dispersal takes place by means of _____________, _____________ and _____________.
Classify the following as motion along a straight line, circular or oscillatory motion:
(i) Motion of your hands while running.
(ii) Motion of a horse pulling a cart on a straight road.
(iii) Motion of a child in a merry-go-round.
(iv) Motion of a child on a see-saw.
(v) Motion of the hammer of an electric bell.
(vi) Motion of a train on a straight bridge.
Why do organisms need to take food?
What are villi? What is their location and function?
State the main difference between asexual and sexual reproduction.
Untreated human excreta is a health hazard. Explain.
Following are some of the characteristics of animals:
(i) Diets heavy on fruits (ii) White fur
(iii) Need to migrate (iv) Loud voice
(v) Sticky pads on feet (vi) Layer of fat under skin
(vii) Wide and large paws (viii) Bright colours
(ix) Strong tails (x) Long and large beak
For each characteristic indicate whether it is adaptation for tropical rainforests or polar regions. Do you think that some of these characteristics can be adapted for both regions?
The water holding capacity is the highest in
(i) sandy soil
(ii) clayey soil
(iii) loamy soil
(iv) mixture of sand and loam
State similarities and differences between the laboratory thermometer and the clinical thermometer.
Match the words of Column I with those given in Column II:
Column I Column II
1. Scouring (a) Yields silk fibres
2. Mulberry leaves (b) Wool yielding animal
3. Yak (c) Food of silk worm
4. Cocoon (d) Reeling
(e) Cleaning sheared skin
A car moves with a speed of 40 km/h for 15 minutes and then with a speed of 60 km/h for the next 15 minutes. The total distance covered by the car is:
(i) 100 km (ii) 25 km
(iii) 15 km (iv) 10 km
The silkworm is: (a) a caterpillar, (b) a larva. Choose the correct option.
(i) a (ii) b (iii) both a and b (iv) neither a nor b.
Discuss why wearing more layers of clothing during winter keeps us warmer than wearing just one thick piece of clothing.