How are the alveoli designed to maximise the exchange of gases?
Exchange of the gases takes place in the alveoli. They have a balloon- like or pouch like structure which provides the maximum area for the exchange of gases. Alveoli are the tiny air sacs made up of squamous epithelium, which are present in the lungs and are thin walled, network of blood vessels are present for the exchange of gases. Numerous alveoli in the lungs show the maximum area for the exchange of gases between the air in the alveoli and into the blood in their surrounding capillaries and diffusion of oxygen occurs through this way. And, the diffusion of carbon dioxide occurs from the blood through the thin walls into the alveoli.
Why is diffusion insufficient to meet the oxygen requirements of multi-cellular organisms like humans?
How is the amount of urine produced regulated?
What criteria do we use to decide whether something is alive?
What are the different ways in which glucose is oxidised to provide energy in various organisms?
The breakdown of pyruvate to give carbon dioxide, water and energy takes place in
(a) cytoplasm. (c) chloroplast.
(b) mitochondria. (d) nucleus.
What are the differences between autotrophic nutrition and heterotrophic nutrition?
What are outside raw materials used for by an organism?
What would be the consequences of a deficiency of haemoglobin in our bodies?
What are the components of the transport system in highly organised plants?
What advantage over an aquatic organism does a terrestrial organism have with regard to obtaining oxygen for respiration?
Did Döbereiner’s triads also exist in the columns of Newlands’ Octaves? Compare and find out.
What is a good source of energy?
What are trophic levels? Give an example of a food chain and state the different trophic levels in it.
What changes can you make in your habits to become more environment-friendly?
What is the difference between a reflex action and walking?
What is the importance of DNA copying in reproduction?
If a trait A exists in 10% of a population of an asexually reproducing species and a trait B exists in 60% of the same population, which trait is likely to have arisen earlier?
Why should a magnesium ribbon be cleared before burning in air?
Define the principal focus of a concave mirror.
You have been provided with three test tubes. One of them contains distilled water and the other two contain an acidic solution and a basic solution, respectively. If you are given only red litmus paper, how will you identify the contents of each test tube?
What kind of mirror – concave, convex or plain – would be best suited for use in a solar cooker? Why?
An object is placed at a distance of 10 cm from a convex mirror of focal length 15 cm. Find the position and nature of the image.
The magnification produced by a plane mirror is +1. What does this mean?
Will current flow more easily through a thick wire or a thin wire of the same material, when connected to the same source? Why?
Why does the cord of an electric heater not glow while the heating element does?
Judge the equivalent resistance when the following are connected in parallel – (a) 1 Ω and 106 Ω, (b) 1 Ω and 103 Ω, and 106 Ω.
What are the advantages of connecting electrical devices in parallel with the battery instead of connecting them in series?
Compute the heat generated while transferring 96000 coulomb of charge in one hour through a potential difference of 50 V.
An electric bulb is rated 220 V and 100 W. When it is operated on 110 V, the power consumed will be –
(a) 100 W (b) 75 W (c) 50 W (d) 25 W
Name a device that helps to maintain a potential difference across a conductor.