Class 10 Science Life Processes: NCERT Solutions for Question 1
What are the components of the transport system in human beings? What are the functions of these components?
The main components of the transport system in human beings are blood or lymph, circulatory system and blood vessels. There are some main materials that needs to transport in our body like water, minerals, nutrients, gases, hormones, waste material and cells which protects our body for the diseases by the various systems.
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Blood:- it is a mobile fluid, sticky and is basic (pH 7.4) and is of two types- oxygenated and deoxygenated. Blood is composed of four components- plasma, Red blood corpuscles, White blood corpuscles and Platelets. Plasma helps in the transportation of the food like glucose, certain amino acids, triglycerides, vitamins, minerals through the plasma from alimentary canal to the tissues for the growth and maintenance; helps in transportation of oxygen from lungs to the tissues for the breakdown of the food; transportation of carbon dioxide from the tissues to the lungs for the elimination from the body; transportation of hormones, wastes materials, metabolic processes products and also helps in the regulation of the hydrogen ion concentration, body temperature etc. Red blood cells help in the transport of oxygen and carbon dioxide by forming oxyhaemoglobin and carbaminohemoglobin respectively. White blood cells plays important role in the body defence against the microorganisms. And, platelets plays vital role in the blood clotting.
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Circulatory system or heart:- function of the heart is to pump the oxygenated blood and the deoxygenated blood and some body fluids. Oxygenated blood is pumped throughout the body and takes deoxygenated blood from the various parts of the body to the lungs for the purification of blood from the impure blood.
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Blood vessels:- blood vessels are elastic, muscular tubes and consists of Arteries and Veins. Arteries carry the blood from the heart to the various parts of the body through the blood vessels and the veins carry the blood from the various parts of the body to the heart through the blood vessels. And, they both arteries and veins joined together by capillaries. This process is completed by the blood vascular system and the lymphatic system.
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