Class 10 Science - Chapter Heredity and Evolution NCERT Solutions | Give an example of characteristics being
Give an example of characteristics being used to determine how close two species are in evolutionary terms.
The more characteristics of two species have in common, they seem to be more closely related. And the more closely they are related, more recently they shared a common ancestor or the evolutionary relationship.
Mostly the homologous characteristics derive from how close two species are in evolutionary terms. For example, mammals have four limbs as birds, reptiles and amphibians possess. Basic structures of the limbs are very similar and they are modified to do different functions. The characteristics can be similar in different organisms because of sharing the common ancestors which helps to identify the evolutionary relationship among two close related species. Another example is the common connection link between the reptiles and birds. The connecting link between the reptiles and the birds are known as archaeopteryx. Aves have the evolutionary characters which are derived from the reptiles, in which the forelimbs of the reptiles modified into the feathers or the wings.
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