Class 10 Mathematics - Chapter Polynomials NCERT Solutions | Verify that the numbers given alongside

Find a quadratic polynomial each with the given numbers as the sum and product of its zeroes respectively.

Find the zeroes of the following quadratic polynomials and verify the relationship between the zeroes and the coefficients.

(i) x² – 2x – 8 (ii) 4s² – 4s + 1 (iii) 6x² – 3 – 7x (iv) 4u² + 8u (v) t² – 15 (vi) 3x² – x – 4

The graphs of y = p(x) are given in Fig. 2.10 below, for some polynomials p(x). Find the number of zeroes of p(x), in each case.

Check whether the first polynomial is a factor of the second polynomial by dividing the second polynomial by the first polynomial:
(i) t² – 3, 2t⁴ + 3t³ – 2t² – 9t – 12

(ii) x² + 3x + 1, 3x⁴ + 5x³ – 7x² + 2x + 2

(iii) x³ – 3x + 1, x⁵ – 4x³ + x² + 3x + 1

On dividing x³ – 3x² + x + 2 by a polynomial g(x), the quotient and remainder were x – 2 nd –2x + 4, respectively. Find g(x).

Divide the polynomial p(x) by the polynomial g(x) and find the quotient and remainder in each of the following :
(i) p(x) = x³ – 3x² + 5x – 3, g(x) = x² – 2    (ii) p(x) = x⁴ – 3x² + 4x + 5, g(x) = x² + 1 – x      (iii) p(x) = x⁴ – 5x + 6, g(x) = 2 – x²

Find a cubic polynomial with the sum, sum of the product of its zeroes taken two at a time, and the product of its zeroes as 2, –7, –14 respectively.

If the polynomial x⁴ – 6x³ + 16x² – 25x + 10 is divided by another polynomial x² – 2x + k, the remainder comes out to be x + a, find k and a.

Give examples of polynomials p(x), g(x), q(x) and r(x), which satisfy the division algorithm and

(i) deg p(x) = deg q(x) (ii) deg q(x) = deg r(x) (iii) deg r(x) = 0

Use Euclid’s division algorithm to find the HCF of :
   (i) 135 and 225      (ii) 196 and 38220      (iii) 867 and 255

A circus artist is climbing a 20 m long rope, which is tightly stretched and tied from the top of a vertical pole to the ground. Find the height of the pole, if the angle made by the rope with the ground level is 30° (see Fig. 9.11).

Aftab tells his daughter, “Seven years ago, I was seven times as old as you were then. Also, three years from now, I shall be three times as old as you will be.” (Isn’t this interesting?) Represent this situation algebraically and graphically.

Complete the following statements:
(i) Probability of an event E + Probability of the event ‘not E’ =                  .
(ii) The probability of an event that cannot happen is                  . Such an event is called                       .
(iii) The probability of an event that is certain to happen is                  . Such an event is called                  .
(iv) The sum of the probabilities of all the elementary events of an experiment is                   .

(v) The probability of an event is greater than or equal to                   and less than or equal to                  .

Check whether the following are quadratic equations :
(i) (x + 1)² = 2(x – 3) (ii) x² – 2x = (–2) (3 – x) (iii) (x – 2)(x + 1) = (x – 1)(x + 3) (iv) (x – 3)(2x +1) = x(x + 5)

(v) (2x – 1)(x – 3) = (x + 5)(x – 1) (vi) x²+ 3x + 1 = (x – 2)² (vii) (x + 2)³ = 2x (x2 – 1) (viii) x³ – 4x² – x + 1 = (x – 2)³

How many tangents can a circle have?

Show that any positive odd integer is of the form 6q + 1, or 6q + 3, or 6q + 5, where q is some integer.

A tree breaks due to storm and the broken part bends so that the top of the tree touches the ground making an angle 30° with it. The distance between the foot of the tree to the point where the top touches the ground is 8 m. Find the height of the tree.

The coach of a cricket team buys 3 bats and 6 balls for ` 3900. Later, she buys another bat and 3 more balls of the same kind for ` 1300. Represent this situation algebraically and geometrically.

Which of the following experiments have equally likely outcomes? Explain.
(i) A driver attempts to start a car. The car starts or does not start.
(ii) A player attempts to shoot a basketball. She/he shoots or misses the shot.
(iii) A trial is made to answer a true-false question. The answer is right or wrong.
(iv) A baby is born. It is a boy or a girl.

Complete the following statements:
(i) Probability of an event E + Probability of the event ‘not E’ =                  .
(ii) The probability of an event that cannot happen is                  . Such an event is called                       .
(iii) The probability of an event that is certain to happen is                  . Such an event is called                  .
(iv) The sum of the probabilities of all the elementary events of an experiment is                   .

(v) The probability of an event is greater than or equal to                   and less than or equal to                  .

The angle of elevation of the top of a building from the foot of the tower is 30° and the angle of elevation of the top of the tower from the foot of the building is 60°. If the tower is 50 m high, find the height of the building.

Find the values of k for each of the following quadratic equations, so that they have two equal roots.
(i) 2x² + kx + 3 = 0 (ii) kx (x – 2) + 6 = 0

The cost of 2 kg of apples and 1kg of grapes on a day was found to be ` 160. After a month, the cost of 4 kg of apples and 2 kg of grapes is ` 300. Represent the situation algebraically and geometrically.

The altitude of a right triangle is 7 cm less than its base. If the hypotenuse is 13 cm, find the other two sides.

How many tangents can a circle have?

Find two consecutive positive integers, sum of whose squares is 365.

Two water taps together can fill a tank in  hours. The tap of larger diameter takes 10 hours less than the smaller one to fill the tank separately. Find the time in which each tap can separately fill the tank.

In a class test, the sum of Shefali’s marks in Mathematics and English is 30. Had she got 2 marks more in Mathematics and 3 marks less in English, the product of their marks would have been 210. Find her marks in the two subjects.

Solve the problems given in Example 1.