The Mugal Empire Question Answers: NCERT Class 7 Social Science - Our Past-2 (History)

Mansab                                         Rank
Mongal                                          Uzbeg
Sisodiya rajput                              Mewar
Rather rajputs                               Marwar
Nur jahan                                      Jahangir
Subadar                                        Governor

(a) Kabul
(b) bijapur and Golconda
(c) number of cavalrymen
(d) sulh – I kul

The central provinces under the control of the mughals were:
- Lahore

- Panipat
- Delhi
- Mathura
- Agra
- Ajmer
- Marwar
- Mewar
- Deccan
- Chittor

Mansabdar were the nobles or the rank holders. Salaries were not paid to them, instead they were give the right to collect land revenue which were granted to them lands were called as jagris.

Therefore, zamindar were the intermediaries whether they were village's local headmen or powerful chieftains.

The debates with the religious scholars which made akbar realize about the bigotry of religious scholars, as the latter emphasized on rituals and dogmatic practices.
- Akbar also realized that there teachings and learnings created divisions and disharmony amongst his subjects.
- As a result, he initiated the idea of sulh-I kul universal peace i.e., religious tolerance.

These steps were as follows:
- Mughals did not like to be called or named mughal or mongol because of Genghis khan’s image as the murderer of numerous people.
- Also uzbegs who was another Mongols tribe was a competitor of mughals. Therefore, mughals liked to be associated with timurid descent.

The income from the revenue of land was the linchpin of the mughal empire’s economic system.

- It was the main and most important sources of income, money. Thus, collection was invested on building forts, ward and for the welfare of subjects.
- It was so important that the proper calculation of land revenue. Todar mal took almost ten years to carry out detailed research in accounts of land revenue.

The two most important reasons are as follows:
- Mughals didn't want turtanis and iranis to come together and rebel against the emperor.
- Mughals also wanted to include the subcontinental people of warrior classes to participated in the running of the mansabdri system. Hence, mughals enrolled mansabdars from not only turanis and iranis classes but also from rajputs, sikha, Marathas, dessanis, afghanis and Indian muslims too.

No, the cultural and social diversity of India today does not pose a challenge to national integration because in recent times, we have a democratic, republic government appointed by the common people of the land through the elections.

In today’s world peasants hold an important place in India's economy. But economy's other sectors such as industries and services have made a vital place for themselves in the Indian economy. Therefore, today’s economy does not totally depend upon peasants.
No, the gap in the income between the both rich and the poor men in India has not changed a great deal from the mughal's period, but the income have highly increased as compared to that period.