Eighteen Century Political Formations Question Answers: NCERT Class 7 Social Science - Our Past-2 (History)

Subadar                                                Provinicial governor
Faujdar                                                 A mughal military commander
Ijaradar                                                 A revenue farmer
Misl                                                       A band of sikh warriors
Chauth                                                 Tax levied by the Marathas
Kunbis                                                  Maratha peasant warriors
Umara                                                  A high noble

(a) deccan
(b) administration
(c) 1724
(d) burhan-ul-mulk sa’ adat khan

(a) false
(b) false
(c) true

(d) true

The offices held by sa’adat khan which also includes subadari, diwani and faujdari.

The nawabs of awadh and Bengal tried hard to get apart with the jagirdari system because they wanted to stop cheating as well as decrease mughal influence in their kingdoms.

In the eighteenth century, under a numerous able leaders, the Sikhs organized themselves into a numerable bands called as jathas, and later misls. Their combined forces were being called as the grand army.
- The entire body met at Amritsar during the baisakhi and diwali to take collective decisions called as resolutions the guru.
- A system known as rakhi, was also introduced to offer protection to cultivators on the payment of a tax of 20% of the produce.

The Marathas wanted to expand beyond the deccan to receive the tribute as a way of accepting Martha sovereignty and wanted to control trade and agriculture. Expansion also brought with it numerous resources.

To strengthen his position asaf jah brought some skilled soldiers and administrators from the Northern India. He also arranged mansabdars and granted jagirs. Although, still a servant of the mughal emperor had ruled independently without seeking any directions or help from delhi or witgout facing any interference.

During the 18th century, merchants were more influences the bankers. They used to provide more than enough loan opportunities at the higher interest rates to them. But now with the spread of education, people prefer those banks which provide loans and other financial facilities at the cheaper rate. Bankers also provide subsidy facility on the interest rate. They have various different scopes of loans for different purposes. So, they are more influential in recent times than the merchants.