NCERT Solutions for Class 6 Social Science - The Earth Our Habitat

Welcome to the NCERT Solutions for Class 6 Social Science - The Earth Our Habitat. This page offers chapter-wise solutions designed to help students grasp key concepts easily. With detailed answers and explanations for each chapter, students can strengthen their understanding and prepare confidently for exams. Ideal for CBSE and other board students, this resource will simplify your study experience.

  • Chapter 1 The Earth in the Solar System

    • Solar system is formed by the family of sun- the planets, satellites, asteroids and meteoroids.
    • The different patterns in sky formed by the group of stars are called constellation.
    • The moon, sun and other shining objects in night sky are called celestial bodies.
    • Stars twinkle and are made up of gases.
    • Celestial bodies that do not have their own heat and lights and use the light of stars are called planets.
    • There are 8 planets in our solar system. Jupiter is the largest planet and mercury is the smallest planet.
    • Planets revolves around the sun in a fixed path called orbit.
    • Earth is called a unique planet because it has life supporting condition. It is neither too hot or nor too cold. Water and air are found only in Earth.
    • 2/3rd of the earth’s surface is covered by water, hence earth is called blue planet.
    • Satellite which revolves around planet is called moon.
    • Asteroids numerous tiny bodies which moves around sun.
    • Meteoroids are pieces of rocks which moves around sun.
    • A huge system formed by stars, clouds, dust and gases is called galaxy.
    • Millions of different galaxies makes up the universe. 

  • Chapter 2 Globe Latitudes and Longitudes

    • Globe is a exact miniature model of the Earth.
    • Equator is an imaginary line which passes through the center of the Earth and divides the Earth into equal parts: The Northern Hemisphere and the Southern Hemisphere.
    • There are parallel circles from equator towards the poles known as parallel of latitudes.
    • Four important parallels of latitudes are: 23 ½◦ N (Tropic of Cancer), 23 ½◦ S is Tropic of Capricorn, 66 ½◦ N is Arctic circle and 66 ½◦ S is Antarctic circle.
    • There are three heat zones of Earth: Torrid zone, Temperate zone and Frigid zone.
    • The semicircles from North pole to South pole are called meridian of Longitudes.
    • Equator is 0◦ Latitude whereas prime meridian is 0◦ Longitude.
    • Prime meridian also divides the Earth into two equal halves: The Eastern Hemisphere and The Western Hemisphere.
    • The time at 82 ½◦ E longitude in India is taken as the standard time of the whole country.
    • There are 180 meridian or the meridian of the longitudes and 180 latitudes or parallel of latitudes are present.     

  • Chapter 3 Motions of the Earth

    • Earth practices two types of motion: Rotation and Revolution.
    • Axis is an imaginary line which makes an angle of 66 ½◦.
    • Days and nights are caused due to rotation.
    • Seasons are caused due to revolution.
    • Circle of illumination is the circle which divides day from night on globe.
    • Leap year comes after every 4 years and at that time, February has 29 days. It means, earth usually have 365 days but in the leap year earth will have 366 days.
    • The longest day and shortest night is observed on 21st June.
    • 21st March and 23rd September experiences equal day and night which is known as equinox.

  • Chapter 4 Maps

    • Map is a drawing according to the scale.
    • There are three types of map: Political, physical and thematic.
    • Physical maps are also called relief maps.
    • There are three components of map: distance, direction and symbol.
    • Scale is a ratio of distance shown in map and in actual.
    • Direction is represented by letter ‘N’.
    • Four cardinal points are: east, west, north and south.
    • Conventional symbols are used in maps to represent different features like river, roads, temple, trees, railway, grave etc. And, various colours too are used.
    • Sketch is a rough drawing of a spot which is not according to scale.
    • Plan is a drawing a small scale on a large scale.

  • Chapter 5 Major Domains of the Earth

    • In earth, there are three components of environment: Lithosphere, Atmosphere and Hydrosphere.
    • Solid portion of the earth is lithosphere, water portion of the earth is hydrosphere and air portion of the earth is known as atmosphere.
    • The narrow zone of contact between air, water and land is called biosphere.
    • The large landmasses are continents and large water bodies are oceans.
    • There are seven continents on earth: Asia, America, Africa, North America, South America, Australia and Antarctica.
    • Research stations of India in Antarctica are Maitri and Dakshin gangotri.
    • More than 71% of Earth’s surface is covered with water and 29% with land.
    • There are five oceans on the Earth: Pacific Ocean, Indian Ocean, Arctic Ocean, Antarctic Ocean and Atlantic Ocean.
    • Mariana Trench in Pacific Ocean is the deepest point on Earth.
    • Indian Ocean is the only Ocean which is named after a country ‘India’.
    • 78% of Nitrogen is present in atmosphere, 21% oxygen and 1% other gases like CO2, argon, vapours etc.
    • The largest continent is Asia and smallest is Australia. The largest Ocean is Pacific ocean and smallest is Arctic ocean.
    • Increase in the amount of CO2 increases global temperature and this is called as global warming.

  • Chapter 6 Major Landforms of the Earth

    • Landforms are formed by two major processes: Internal process and External process.
    • The wearing away of soil from the surface of Earth is known as soil erosion.
    • The surface is lowered by the process of erosion and rebuilt by the process of deposition.
    • Mountains, Plateaus and Plains are the group of different landforms which are dependent on the Elevation and slopes.
    • Rivers are formed by melting of glaciers.
    • Mountains are of three types: Block mountains, fold mountains and volcanic mountains.
    • Block Mountains are Horsts and the lowered blocks of Block Mountains are called graben.
    • Mountains are called storehouse of the water.
    • An elevated flat land or flat topped table land is called Plateau.
    • The height of a Plateau is measured above the 600m.
    • Plains are large stretches of flat land which is generally till 600m.

  • Chapter 7 Our Country India

    • India has a vast geographical expanse as in North, it is bounded by Himalayas; in west by Arabian sea, Bay of Bengal in east and Indian Ocean in south.
    • Area of India is about 3.28 million km2. From North to South, it extends about 3200km. And, from east to west it extends about 2900km.
    • Kashmir in North, Kanyakumari in South, Arunachal Pradesh in East and Rann of Kutch are the last point of the country.
    • India is located at the Northern Hemisphere and Tropic of Cancer (23◦30’N) passes through half way of the country.
    • India and Sri Lanka are separated by the Palk Strait.
    • Neighboring countries of India are: Nepal, Bhutan, Pakistan, China, Afghanistan, Myanmar, Sri Lanka and Bangladesh.
    • There are 28 States and 8 Union territories.
    • Physical divisions of India includes every type of domains. For example: Himalayas, The Great Indian Desert, Indian Ocean, Deccan Plateau and Lakshadweep Island etc.

  • Chapter 8 India Climate Vegetation and Wildlife

    • The day to day changes of atmosphere is called weather. A change in weather for a long period of time is known as season.
    • Average weather condition which is measured over many years is called climate.
    • Usually there are four main seasons in India.
    • Climate of a place is affected by the distance from the sea level. Altitude, location and relief.
    • Forests are the natural habitat of the wildlife.
    • Special programs like Van Mahotsav are done to spread awareness about reducing the cutting of trees.
    • Tiger is National animal of India and Peacock is National Bird of India; and Gujrat is the home of Asiatic lions.
    • Assam is the home of one horn Rhinoceros and elephants.
    • The Great Indian Desert and the Rann of Kutch are the home of Camels.
    • Himalayan Region are the home of wild goats, snow leopards, bear etc.
    • More than 100 species of snakes are found in India including India cobra, Python, Kraits etc.
    • To reduce the number of extinct species National Parks, Biosphere reserves and Sanctuaries are built to protect the different species of flora and fauna.
    • The government of India has started project tiger and project elephant to protect their species.    

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